FANS AND BLOWERS

JADE B. CORTES BSME – 4

HISTORY OF FANS

• The earliest mention of Centrifugal fans was in 1556 by Georg Pawer. It was
shown how fans were used to ventilate mines. Thereafter, centrifugal fans
gradually fell into disuse.
• In 1815, the Marquis de Chabannes advocated the use of a centrifugal fan
and took out a British patent in the same year.
• In 1827, Edwin A. Stevens of Bordentown, New Jersey, installed a fan for
blowing air into boilers of the steamship “North America”
HISTORY OF FANS (CON’T)

• The Swedish-American engineer John Ericsson used a centrifugal fan as a

blower on the steamship “Corsair” in 1832 which was similar with what
Edwin A. Stevens did.
• Russian Military engineer Alexander Sablukov invented a centrifugal fan in
1832 and was used both in the Russian light industry such as sugar making.
GUIBAL FAN

• One of the most important developments in the mining industry was the
Guibal fan which was patented in Belgium in 1862 by the French engineer
Theophile Guibal.
• The Guibal fan had a spiral case surrounding the fan blades as well as a
flexible shutter to control the escape velocity, which made it far superior to
previous open-fan designs and led to he possibility of mining at great depths.
CENTRIFUGAL FANS
• A centrifugal fan is a mechanical devise for moving air or other gases in a
direction at an angle to the incoming fluid.
• Centrifugal fans use the kinetic energy of the impellers to increase the volume
of the air stream, which in turn moves against the resistance caused by ducts,
dampers and other components.
• It displaces air radially changing the direction (typically by 90°) of the airflow.
• They are study, quiet, reliable, and capable of operating over a wide range of
conditions.
CENTRIFUGAL FANS (CON’T)

• It has a drum shape composed of a number of fan blades mounted around a hub. The hub
turns on a driveshaft mounted in bearings in the fan housing. The gas enters from the side of
the fan wheel, turns 90° and accelerates due to centrifugal force as it flows over the fan
blades and exits the fan housing.
• Centrifugal fans are constant-displacement or constant-volume devices.
• Centrifugal fans are not positive-displacement devices and have certain advantages and
disadvantages when contrasted with positive-displacement blowers.
• One of which is that centrifugal fans are more efficient, whereas positive-displacement blowers may have a
lower capital cost.
3 TYPES OF CENTRIFUGAL FANS

• Determined by the type of fan blades:

• Forward Curved
• Backward Curved
• Radial
AXIAL FAN

• An axial fan is a type of fan that causes gas to flow through it in an axial
direction, parallel to the shaft about which the blades rotate.
• The flow is axial at entry and exit. The fan is designed to produce a pressure
difference, and hence force, to cause a flow through the fan.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
FANS
ADVANTAGES
• Smaller size; fans may add some height
but may reduce width and depth
• Lower costs for larger units to add fans
instead of conductor and core
• Potentially better low-load efficiencies
DISADVANTAGES
• Increased complexity and maintenance
• Increased cost as fan packages may cost
more than just adding material in
smaller units
• Additional energy losses and noise when
fan motors are operated in higher loads.
TROUBLESHOOTING FANS

• Provide proper ventilation

• Check and clean air vents
• Turn off the machine and disconnect power cable before using compressed air to clean
dust.
• Do not try to blow dust using your mouth. Moisture can cause irreparable damage to
electronic and electrical components inside the machine.
• To prevent overheating problems, keep the machine in an upright position and on a hard
or sturdy surface, and provide enough clearance around the air vents.
BLOWERS

• Blower is a plumbing equipment that rotates the fan with the force it receives from
the engine, which transfers the air in the emitted environment at high flow or low
pressure.
• Centrifugal fans often contain a ducted housing to direct outgoing air in a specific
direction or across a heat sink; such a fan is also called a blower, blower fan, biscuit
blower, or squirrel caged fan (because it looks like a hamster wheel)
• These fans increase the speed and volume of an air stream with the rotating
impellers.
5 MAIN TYPES OF BLOWERS

• Positive displacement / Rotary Lobe Blowers

• Helical Screw blowers
• Centrifugal blowers
• High speed blowers
• Regenerative blowers
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT / ROTARY LOBE
BLOWERS

• Air or gas enters through an expanding section on one side and exits through
a decreasing section on the other side.
• It maintains a constant speed and flow regardless of changes in pressure.
• Rotary Lobe Blowers consists of two rotors spinning in opposite directions.
The blower sucks in the air, and the lobes spin the air around before pushing
it out.
HELICAL SCREW BLOWER

• Helical Screw Blowers has a main rotor with two lobes. This rotor fits into the flute
of a second rotor. The two rotors turn in a helical pattern that is carefully times so
they do not have contact with each other.
• It typically produces air at higher pressures that rotary lobe blowers. They also
perform more quietly than rotary lobe blowers
• The sealed design of helical screw blowers leads to a smooth air flow and limited air
leakage. Helical screw blowers are used to move both air and gas, depending on the
application.
CENTRIFUGAL BLOWERS

• Centrifugal blowers are the most common blowers used in ventilation systems.
they’re also used to transport gas and control air pollution.
• This is an ideal tool to maintain a continual gas transfer. When gas passes through a
centrifugal blower, it increases in kinetic energy. When the gas exits the centrifugal
blower, new gas enters to normalize the gas pressure.
• Multistage Centrifugal Blower. This is used for creating pressure, circulating air, and
creating suction. It can handle high pressure and high flow rates and is ideal for
creating high pressures from small volumes of air.
HIGH SPEED BLOWERS

• These electrical blowers run via a motor. They have impellers at each side to
provide double suction.
• High speed blowers can reach a pressure up to 25 psi and a flow up to
15,000m³ per hour.
REGENERATIVE BLOWER

• Regenerative blowers create pressure by displacing air molecules. The

impeller spins to draw in and then capture the air between every blade. As the
impeller continues to spin, it pushes the air forward, where it goes back to the
bottom of the blade.
• These types of blowers are good choices if you need to move large air
volumes at low pressure. They are also easy to maintain because they are
self-lubricated and contain no oil.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
BLOWERS
ADVANTAGES
• Blowers are very efficient
• Operating cost of a blower is a fraction of the cost
of using compressed air for a given volume of air.
• Blowers also provide clean air. There is no
danger of oil droplets or residue in the blower air
stream since.
• Blowers do not use oil as a lubricant.
DISADVANTAGES
• Possible water in the product form condensation
• Possible introduction of contaminants into the product
• Greater risk of slower bags fills resulting in slower fills
• Reduced ability to force the bag open to its max size
and force product into a bag.
• Risk of over-pressurizing the air packer
IMPORTANCE OF FANS AND BLOWERS

• They are a necessity that make the unbearable summer heat a trifle tolerable.
• These cooling systems play a key role in rotating the air inside the room,
making way for fresh air in place of hot air.
• And for the blower, blowers serve three main functions: heating, cooling and
air flow. Although unit designs range from simple and complex, most
blowers usually consist of some type of fan-like apparatus.
TROUBLESHOOT BLOWERS

• Air blower will not start up

• Check the thermostat
• Check the breakers
• Check the access panels
• Air blower is noisy
• Listen to the type of noise
• Turn the unit off