HOLY MARY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY &SCIENCE

(COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING)
Bogaram (V), Keesara (M), Medchal Dist 501301

Mini Project with Seminar on

STEPLESS POWER TRANSMISSION FOR LATHE

Presented by D Shanti Kumar
(19C91D0405)
 Abstract

The conventional transmission allows for the selection of discrete speed ratios.
Stepless transmission allows an infinitely variable ratio change within a finite
range.
The transmission provides a continuously variable output to the load with the
maximum material removal rate, maximum production rate, minimum machining
time and good surface finish compared to the conventional lathe.
PROBLEM STATEMENT:

Finite range of spindle speeds in machine tools may lead

the following:
1. Low production rate.
2. Poor surface finish on the work piece .
3. Machining time is high
4. Increase production cost

OBJECTIVES:

1. To get infinite range of spindle speeds

2. Calculation to find out the optimum cutting speeds
3. To improve the surface finish and reduce the
machining time
4. To increase the production rate.
 ELECTRICAL STEPLESS DRIVE
Continous variable transmission is an automatic transmission that changes an
infinite number of effective gear ratios between maximum and minimum values.
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE (VFD):
A variable frequency drive (VFD) is a type of motor controller that drives an
electric motor by varying frequency and voltage supplied to the electric motor.
Development of stepless power
transmission for lathe
PROCEDURE
1. Give the supply connections to the input (L1 L2 L3) of VFD from the source.
2. Connect the output of the VFD to the ac motor placed on headstock of
machine.
3. Engage the belt to driver pulley attached to shaft of the ac motor to the
driven pulley connected to spindle of machine.
4. Switch on the supply to VFD to start the motor.
5. Enter the required parameters for commissioning the VFD.
6. Press the hand mode button of VFD to operate manually.
7. Enter required rpm in VFD to rotate the motor shaft so that spindle rotates
with same speed
 Spindle speeds
1. Optimal cutting speeds for Mild Steel material = V = 30mm/min
2. Optimal cutting speeds for Aluminum material = V = 40mm/min

Diameter (mm) Mild steel material Aluminum material

N = 1000*V/( * D) rpm N = 1000*V/( * D) rpm
24 397.8 530.51
21 454.72 606.3
18 530.71 707.3
15 636.31 848.8
12 795.77 1061.03
Material removal rate
Material removal rate is defined as the ratio of volume of material removed to the total
time taken.
MRR = VOLUME OF MATERIAL REMOVED/TOTAL TIME TAKEN
Or = (𝜋 ∗ (D0-Di))*F*N/4
Where
Do – outer diameter of the job in mm
Di – inner diameter of the job in mm
F – feed rate in mm/rev
N – spindle speed in RPM
For 24 mm diameter, MRR = (𝜋 ∗ (272-242)*0.3*325/4
= 11716.177 mm3/min
Similar calculations for 21, 18, 15, and 12 mm diameters
 N= 120f/P
Where N is optimum speed of the material,
f is the frequency of VFD
P is the no of poles in the motor
Initially we put f as 10 hz and start the power supply then we slowly increase the
frequency so that the speed is also increased. We increase frequency until the
Optimum speed is attained
 Mild steel material and HSS tool
ONAL LATHE STEPLESS LATHE
 MATERIAL REMOVAL RATE
EL ALUMINUM
 MACHINING TIME
MILD STEEL ALUMINUM
SPEED LOSS
  
MILD STEEL ALUMINUM
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1. Infinite range of speeds obtained to operate the machine at different rpms
by using variable frequency drive
2. Surface roughness values obtained by performing on stepless lathe is less than
the conventional lathe and it is plotted on graph.
3. Material removal rate at different rpms and different diameters are
calculated. MRR on stepless lathe is more than conventional lathe and it is
shown in graph.
4. Machining times obtained on stepless lathe is less compared to conventional
lathe.
5. Speed loss in stepless lathe is zero.
6. Optimum cutting parameters calculated based on minimum cost criteria and
maximum production criteria.
THANK YOU