PRINCIPLES OF AQUACULTURE

(AKU3201)

 SPECIES SELECTION
CONT’D
 2

Life cycle
• Broodstock –> larvae -> fry -> fingerling -> juvenile
 3

Tiger grouper

• Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Kerapu)

 4

Asian seabass/ barramundi

• Lates calcarifer (Siakap)

 5

Red Snapper

• Lutjanus malabaricus (Ikan merah)

 6

Golden snapper

• Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Jenahak)

 7

• Dorsal & ventral fin – reduce rolling motion &

help in turning movements
• Pectoral & pelvic – Help to steer & stabilize
fish
• Caudal fin – propulsion
 8

Lateral line

• Vibration of jelly in the tube

• Nerve ending send impulses to the brain
 9

• Euryhaline – able to tolerate different salinity

e.g. seabass, grouper,o tilapia (antonym :
stenohaline)

• Stenothermal -
e.g. salmon
 10

Tiger shrimp

• Penaeus monodon (Udang Harimau)

11
 12

White leg shrimp

• Litopenaeus vannamei (Udang putih)

13
 14

b) Petasma c) thelycum

Petasma - A copulatory Thelycum- a secondary

appendage attached to sexual character that
the first pair of pleopods forms from the posterior
in some male thoracic sterna of female
crustaceans, especially shrimps (especially
penaeid shrimps. penaeoids and
sergestoids).
 15

Eye-stalk ablation

- Induced maturation in shrimp/ prawn

- Stimulate female to develop mature ovaries & spawn
 16

Why eyes?

• Hormones involved with reproduction are

located at the base of eyestalk

• Eyestalk ablation = stops the production of

hormone that inhibits maturation of gonad
 17

Giant River Prawn

• Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Udang galah)

• Native to Malaysia
18
19
20
21
22
 23

• Larvae – swim backward

• Postlarvae – Mostly swim forward
24
25
 26

Green lipped mussel

• Perna viridis (Kupang)

 27

Byssal thread

A mussel's byssal threads are produced from within the shell by a

byssal gland. They are small proteinaceous "ropes" extending
from the muscular foot. Juvenile mussels, under 2 cm, can use
their byssal threads like climbing ropes, extending, attaching, and
pulling themselves forward in succession.
 28

Cockle

• Tegillarca granosa (Kerang)

29
30
31
 32

• Mantle: Secrete shell, sensory function, initiate

closure according to surrounding, control
inflow of water, respiratory function
• Adductor muscle: Close the valves
• Gills: Respiration & partly for food filtering.
• Labial palps : select & direct food to the
mouth
 33

• Excurrent siphon : Water is pumped out of the

shell after passing across the gills (dorsal part)
• Incurrent siphon: Water is drawn into the shell
& across the gills
 34

Mud crab

• Scylla serrata (Ketam nipah/ bakau)

 35

Differentiation between male and femal crab

36
 37

• Pleopods – help to transfer sperm to the female

• Gonopod – deliver spermatophores to the female
gonopore
38
 39

Benthic organisms
•Organisms on the bottom of sea/lake
•Ingest particles suspended from the water above

Filter feeders
•Filter food from surrounding environments
 40

Seaweed (Rumpai laut)

Sargassum, Eucheuma
 41

Seagrass (Rumput laut)

Halophila, Enhalus
42