The coelom is​

.
schizocoelic in nature .
Filled with coelomic fluid
that serves as a
hydrostatic skeleton.
They are carnivorous (Nereis),
omnivores
(Earthworm), and sanguivorous
(feeding on blood)like Leech.

• Digestive tract is complete with the

presence of mouth, buccal cavity,
pharynx, oesophagus,stomach,
intestine, rectum and anus.
• Digestive glands are formed for
the first time in Annelids
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Heart: pulsatile (for the first time
pumping heart )
Blood consists of
plasma containing colourless,
amoeboid cells or corpuscles
(RBC's are absent) and
dissolved pigment haemoglobin like
Erythrocruorin.
It gives red colour to the blood and
helps in transport of respiratory gases
and food in the body.
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• Development is Direct or
indirect with free swimming
ciliated TROCHOPHORE larva

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The body
(long cylindrical)of the
Annelids
is divided into metameric
segments (externally
by ring like grooves known
as annuli and internally
by transverse septa).
Due to annuli
(latin-little ring) they
are called annilids.

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Body layers: The body wall consists of
cuticle,epidermis and muscles.
• The epidermis consists of columnar
cells which consist of glandular and
sensory cells.
• The epidermis secretes cuticle.
• Cuticle prevents desiccation of the body
and provides protection.
• Muscles lie below the epidermis.
Circular and longitudinal muscles are
present.
• The pressure of the fluid and action of
the surrounding muscles are used to
change an organism’s shape and
produce movement.
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Locomotion:

by the setae,parapodia

•Setae are stiff chitinous

bristles present on the body.​

•Parapodia are flattened,

muscular flap-like outgrowth
of the trunk which is present
on the lateral side of the body.​

11
Mama
 Excretory system
consists of numerous coiled structures
placed in the metameric segments
known as nephridia.

• They are present in all segments except

a few anterior and posterior ones.

• Excretory matter:
Ammonia (aquatic)
Urea(land)

Nephridia also help in osmoregulation

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Nervous system

comprises of the nerve ring and

solid , double ventral nerve cord.

• The nerve ring or Brain

• A pair of pear-shaped ganglia
connect together to form the
brain, which lies between the
buccal cavity and pharynx.

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 • Cephalisation is absent
• Cephalisation absent • Parapodia and setae are • Cephalisation is present
• Setae for locomotion absent. • Parapodia for locomotion
• Bisexual or • Bisexual • Unisexual
hermophradite • Hirudin(anticoagulant) • Larva-trochophore
present
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And body is metamerically
segmented and
high degree of cephalization

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Coelom is filled with
blood -HAEMOCOEL

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Aquatic/ terrestral
Freeliving / parasitic

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Omnivores- feed all type
of food substances

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PRAWN

KING CRAB

INSECTS

SCORPIAN

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 heart is divided into a linear row of
chambers, one in each segment of
the body.
helps in pumping blood to different
parts of the body.
Blood or haemolymph (no pigment)
consists of clear liquid plasma and
white blood cells. Blood has no
pigment. (prawn cu-haemocyanin-
blue blood)
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 EXCRETORY SYSTEM

EXCRETORY ORGANS

• Antennary or green glands –Prawn

• Coxal gland - scorpian

• Malphigian tubules – most of the insects

(Opens into gut )

• Excretory matter:

➢ Ammonia in aquatic

➢ Uric acid in terrestrial

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 NERVOUS SYSTEM

➢ Nerve ring
A double ,solid and ventral nerve
cord with ganglia.

➢ Sensory organs
• Simple eyes or compound eyes or
both
• Antenna
• Statocyst ( for body balance) and
• Anal cerci

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Mamatha
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INSECT LARVAE AND PUPAE
SILK WORM AND CATERPILLER
BUTTERFLY
HONEY BEE GRUB
HOUSE FLY MAGGOT
MOSQUITO WRIGGLER
PRAWN NAUPILUS

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 LEPISMA- Silverfish (wingless insect)

Arthropoda are most successful invaders of terrestrial enveronment among

invertebrates due to prsence of CUTICLE, APPENDAGES AND WINGS
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apis Silk moth Lac insect

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