UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY, LAHORE

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

DESIGN of STAIRCASE

General Information
• Stairs consist of steps arranged in a series for
 

purpose of giving access from floor to floor.  The Various types of Staircases
room or space between which a stair is located is •Straight stairs
known as the staircase •Dog-legged stairs
• The staircase provides access & communication •Open newel stair
between floors in multi-story buildings. •Geometrical stair
• it must be enclosed by fire-resisting walls, floors,
ceilings and doors. 
• It must be designed to carry certain loads, which
are similar for the design of the floors.
Components of Staircase:- 
Waist slab:  Waist slab refers to a slab of the stair that is
inclining from the floor slab to the landing slab.
Flight: The series of steps between floor and landing.
Landing: The level of floor between flight.
Step: The step consists of Riser and tread.
Tread: The tread is the flat part that you step on.
Riser: The riser is the vertical(up and down) part between each
tread in the stairway.
Specification
• Minimum length of tread should be 250 (10”) to 300 (1’) mm in
length   The length of the step should be at least 600 mm.
• Handrail height should be at least 1 meter.
•  Width of the landing slab should be at least 1000 mm for the
staircase.
•  The minimum vertical space or headroom above any step or the stair
should be 2 m.
•  Generally, the number of risers in a flight should be restricted to 12.
•  The minimum vertical space above any staircase or headroom
should be 2m.
•  Generally, the number of risers per flight should be limited to 12.
Design
Number of Riser = Clear Distance between two floors (A) / Size of Riser
Nos of threads on single flight = Nos. of Rising of single flight – 1
Size of Tread = Total width of Stair / Nos. of Thread
What is the ideal height between the staircase and the ceiling? Steps to calculate the reinforcement required for
The height between the steps and the ceiling must be 2.15 meters at Staircase:-
minimum. According to Ernst Neufert, you can reach a minimum of 2.00 1. Find the length of X Bar & Y bar 
meters. The height of the handrail can vary between 80 and 90 cm from 2. Find the No. of X Bars & Y bars 
each step. 3. Evaluate the total length of X Bars & Y Bars 
After how many steps should a landing be included? 4. Find out the total weight of steel required. 
Stairway shouldn't have more than 15 steps in a row. After 15 steps, a From the above figure, staircase consists of two waist slabs 1
landing should be provided. It's recommended that a landing measure at & 2. As reinforcement quantities varies among waist slab 1
least the same as 3 treads.
& 2.Let us calculate the quantities individually. Remember,
How to determine the width of the stairs?
Minimum width of 80 cm is recommended for stairs in single-family
the above mentioned steps are same for both slabs.  
homes, and greater than 1.00 meters in public buildings
How do I vary the proportions between the tread and the riser Group Members
 The relationship between the tread and the riser must remain the same Ahmed (F2017132065)
throughout its route to avoid causing imbalance to the user, who is already Muhammad Qasim (F2017132081)
used to climbing or descending stairs in a certain way.
Mohammad Wasif Riaz (F2017132058)
Department Of Civil Engineering Sohaib Tahir (F2017132064)
Daniel Sharif (F2017132057)
UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY LAHORE