A presentation on the topic of

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXCAVATOR BUCKET USING

ANSYS
SUBMITTED BY

THADI RAMESH - 186G5A0380

MYLIPILLI MAHESH - 186G5A0354
MYLIPILLI RAJU - 186G5A0355
VUTA SEKHAR - 186G5A0389
KAPPA RAMU - 176G1A0318
Under the esteemed guidance of
Associate professor G.SIVAKARUNA M.Tech(Ph.D)
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
VISAKHA TECHNICAL CAMPUS
ABSTRACT:-
Excavator is a very popular machine in today’s mining industry and are also popularly used in
roads and building constructions or demolition and for material handling. All these uses involve
exposer of the bucket to high amount of linear and non- linear reaction forces which might
sometimes cross the limit of endurable stress of the bucket, also because of the continuation of
reaction forces noise and vibration is observed in the bucket which propagates to the whole
excavator body.
There have been very limited research works done till now on the engineering analysis of
excavator or excavator bucket. Most of the works concentrated on the different attachments
modified or optimized design, and almost no work has been done on the vibration analysis of the
bucket particularly. The vibration due to input digging force and reaction force damage the bucket
and its cutting teeth with the time being.
In this Project work three dimensional (3D) model of bucket is modelled with the help of
CATIA V5 software and analysed in ANSYS 16.2 software. In ANSYS Software two different analysis
platform is used on the 3D model namely Modal, and Static Structure analysis.
INTRODUCTION:-
• Excavators are heavy construction equipment consisting of a boom, arm or
stick, bucket and cab on a rotating platform known as the “house”. The
house sits atop an undercarriage with tracks or wheels. They are a natural
progression from the steam shovels and often called power shovels. All
movement and functions of a hydraulic excavator are accomplished through
the use of hydraulic fluid, with hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors.

• Excavators are also called diggers, JCBs, mechanical shovels, or 360-degree

excavators (sometimes abbreviated simply to 360). Tracked excavators are
sometimes called “track hoes” by analogy to the backhoe. In the UK,
wheeled excavators are sometimes known as “rubber ducks.”
LITERATURE REVIEW:-
• Bhaveshkumar Patel(1) the prediction of digging forces and can be applied for autonomous
operation of excavation task. The evaluated digging forces can be used as boundary condition and
loading conditions to carry out Finite Element Analysis of the backhoe mechanism for strength
and stress analysis. An generalized breakout force and digging force model also developed using
the fundamentals of kinematics of backhoe.
• Manisha P. Tupkaret al .(2) Design and Analysis of an Excavator Bucket. The objective of this
paper is to design an excavator bucket by using CREO-parametric 2.0 software. Model is exported
through IGES file format for meshing in analysis software Boundary conditions and the forces are
applied at the tip of teeth of excavator bucket. Static analysis is done in ANSYS 13.0 analysis
software. In this paper the stresses developed at the tip of excavator bucket teeth are calculated.
Percentage error between stress Analytical result and stress ANSYS result are calculated.
• Catalogs JCB India ltd (3) Analysis methods ,loading conditions, attachment dimensions ,material
standards, cylinder pressure, boom arm and link dimensions and all other standard.
PROBLEM STATEMENT:-
• In this project, the stresses developed at the tip of excavator bucket teeth are
calculated. Structural analysis was carried out on the excavator bucket at different
inclinations of teeth such as 25,30,35,40,45 degrees. And the analysis was carried
out on three types of materials named Stainless Steel, AISI-1045 and AISI8620
and the action of various stress and strains on the excavator bucket at various
loads were investigated. The best combination of parameters like Von misses
Stress and Equivalent shear stress, Deformation, shear stress and weight
reduction for excavator bucket were done in ANSYS software.
METHODOLOGY:-
VARIOUS MATERIALS USED FOR EXCAVATOR
BUCKET:-
• Medium Strength alloy steel(AISI-1045)

• Low carbon alloy steels(AISI-8620)

Medium Strength Alloy Steel (AISI-1045):-
Chemical Composition of AISI-1045

Physical Properties of AISI 1045

Low Carbon Alloy Steel (AISI-8620):-
Chemical Composition of AISI-8620

Physical Properties of AISI -8620

DRAFT MODEL OF EXCAVATOR BUCKET:-
DESIGN OF EXCAVATOR BUCKET IN CATIA V5 :-
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS AND MESHING

Final boundary conditions and input force on bucket Final Meshing of Excavator Bucket
STATIC STRUCTURE ANALYSIS:-
The static structure analysis give us different stresses and strains developed in the bucket.
From the popular engineering procedure we know that the calculation of Von-mises stress is
an important one to understand the strength of any device.

The boundary conditions for stress analysis are, fixed support at A and B . The input load
from the cylinder on C is 11380 N is parallel to the direction of Y and the reaction force
from the soil/rock is static 2542 N distributed on the edges of three teeth.
Von-Mises Stress and Total Deformation for AISI-1045 Excavator
Bucket at Different angles of inclination of bucket teeth:-

Total deformation of bucket at 25 degree inclination of teeth Total deformation of bucket at 35 degree inclination of teeth

Total deformation of bucket at 40 degree inclination of teeth Total deformation of bucket at 45 degree inclination of teeth
Static structural analysis results of AISI-1045 Excavator bucket
Modal Analysis for AISI-1045 Excavator Bucket:-
Modal analysis results show us the mode shapes and natural frequencies of different modes of
the system. The mode shapes can show and predict the vulnerable places of vibration for a
particular natural frequency. That is why it is important to learn about the mode shape of the
bucket for different natural frequencies

1st Mode shape of AISI-1045 Excavator Bucket 2nd Mode shape of AISI-1045 Excavator Bucket 3rd Mode shape of AISI-1045 Excavator Bucket
Natural Frequency (Hz) of AISI-1045 Excavator Bucket
Von-Mises Stress and Total Deformation for AISI-8620 Excavator
Bucket at Different angles of Digging force on bucket teeth:-

Total deformation of bucket at 25 degree inclination of teeth Total deformation of bucket at 30 degree inclination of teeth

Total deformation of bucket at 35 degree inclination of teeth Total deformation of bucket at 40 degree inclination of teeth
Static structural analysis results of AISI-8620 Excavator bucket
Modal Analysis for AISI-8620 Excavator Bucket:-

1st Mode Shape of AISI-8620 Excavator Bucket 2nd Mode Shape of AISI-8620 Excavator Bucket
Natural Frequency (Hz) of AISI-8620 Excavator Bucket
CONCLUSION:-
• We designed a EXCAVATOR BUCKET using CATIA V5 on the basis of
structural and dynamic analysis.
• Designed an excavator arm along the basis of yield strength and can
bear upto pressure of 310 to 385 mpa respectively.
• By using the modal analysis the deformation occurs naturally is
reduced to the thick ness of plate 15mm.
• We designed a plate of excavator bucket That can withstand and
absorb high vibrations and Undergoes to a high deformation rates so
that it can survive for a long time.
REFERENCES:-
[1] Rosen Mitrev and Dragan Marinkovic, ‘Numerical study of the hydraulic excavator overturning stability during
performing lifting operations’, Advances in Mechanical Engineering 2019, Vol. 11(5) 1–14.

[2] Bilal Pirmahamad Shaikh and Abid M. Mulla, ‘Analysis of Bucket Teeth of Backhoe Excavator Loader and its
Weight optimisation’, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), Vol. 4 Issue 05, 2015.

[3] B. Govinda Reddy and P. Venu Babu, ‘Structural Analysis of Excavator Bucket with Different Design Modifications’,
international journal & magazine of engineering, technology, management and research, volume no 5, 2018.

[4] Bhavesh kumar P. Patel, J. M. Prajapati, ‘Dynamics of Mini Hydraulic Backhoe Excavator: A Lagrange-Euler (L-E)
Approach’, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Mechanical, Aerospace,
Industrial, Mechatronic and Manufacturing Engineering, Vol:8, No:1, 2014.

[5] Takashi yamaguchi and Hiroshi yamamoto, ‘Motion Analysis of Hydraulic Excavator in Excavating and Loading
Work for Autonomous Control’, ISARC,2006.
THANK YOU