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 VOCABULARY
Intermolecular force
Attractive forces between neighboring
particles of one or more substances
Kinetic energy
depends on temperature and tend to keep
particles apart and moving
Force
Physical strength, power, or effect
 ACTIVITY
A. Underlining
Underline once the parts of the text which tell you about the
shape and volume of a gas, a liquid, or a solid.
Double underline those parts which give the explanation for
the shape and volume.
B. Summarizing
Prepare a table with four columns and four rows. Use the
headings “Property”, “Gas”, “Liquid,” and “Solid,” for the
first to the fourth columns, respectively.
Write “Distance”, “Attraction”, and “Motion” on the first
column of the fourth rows of the table, respectively.
Complete the table with the corresponding information read
from the passages.
 THE SHAPE AND THE VOLUME OF MATTER IN
THE THREE STATES ARE EXPLAINED AS
FOLLOWS:

1. The shape and volume of gases are

not definite because the molecules are
widely separated, have negligible
attraction for one another and are
constantly moving rapidly in all
directions to fill available space in a
container of any shape and size.
2. In a liquid, molecules are in close
but loose contact because attractive
forces keep them together so the
volume of the liquid is definite, and
since the molecules can freely move
about one another, the liquid
conforms to the shape of its
container.
3. Particles in a solid are closely
packed because of strong attractive
forces among them, which, together
with low kinetic energy, cause them
to stay in fixed positions, resulting to
a definite shape and definite volume.
However, at the atomic level,
vibrational motion is observed.
Property Gas Liquid Solid
Widely Separated Close enough to Closely packed
touch one another
Distance

Have negligible Have attractive Strong attractive

attraction for one forces to keep them forces among them
Attraction another together

Constantly moving Can move, slipping At the atomic level,

Rapidly in all and sliding over one vibrational motion
Motion directions another
1. WHY DO LIQUIDS HAVE DEFINITE
VOLUMES BUT NO DEFINITE SHAPE?

2. WHY DO SOLIDS HAVE DEFINITE

VOLUMES BUT DEFINITE SHAPE?
Answer the section assessment on
page 3 of your book.
HOME DELIGHT
Answer the question.
1.Which assumptions of kinetic
molecular theory for gases are
modified to explain the shape and
volume of liquids and solids?