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  • Valves

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    hassan hamdy
    16 views47 pages
    The document discusses engine valves, covering their nomenclature, function, materials, manufacturing processes, normal operation, potential failures, and abnormal conditions. It describes how valves control gas flow, seal pressure and combustion, endure heat and cyclic loading. The key manufacturing methods mentioned are hardening, hard facing, and friction welding. Common failures include thermal fatigue cracks, distortion from high temperatures, wear from misalignment, and damage from piston contact.

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    The document discusses engine valves, covering their nomenclature, function, materials, manufacturing processes, normal operation, potential failures, and abnormal conditions. It describes how valves control gas flow, seal pressure and combustion, endure heat and cyclic loading. The key manufacturing methods mentioned are hardening, hard facing, and friction welding. Common failures include thermal fatigue cracks, distortion from high temperatures, wear from misalignment, and damage from piston contact.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    16 views47 pages

    Valves

    Uploaded by

    hassan hamdy
    The document discusses engine valves, covering their nomenclature, function, materials, manufacturing processes, normal operation, potential failures, and abnormal conditions. It describes how valves control gas flow, seal pressure and combustion, endure heat and cyclic loading. The key manufacturing methods mentioned are hardening, hard facing, and friction welding. Common failures include thermal fatigue cracks, distortion from high temperatures, wear from misalignment, and damage from piston contact.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 47

    www.dvd4arab.

    com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Engine Valves

    Service Training Malaga 1


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    In This Presentation
    • Nomenclature
    • Function
    • Materials
    • Manufacturing
    • Operation
    • Normal Appearance
    • Failure Analysis

    Service Training Malaga 2


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Nomenclature

    Service Training Malaga 3


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Valve Functions
    • Control Gas Flow
    • Seal Pressure
    • Withstand Heat
    • Withstand Acid
    • Endure Cyclic Loading
    • Provide Replacement

    Service Training Malaga 4


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Material Two Piece Valves

    Head austenitic stainless steel


    Stem consists mild low carbon steel

    Service Training Malaga 5


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Manufacturing Hardening

    Stems hardened to Rc 40
    Keeper groove induction
    hardened to Rc 55

    Service Training Malaga 6


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Manufacturing Hard Facing

    Forged stainless
    steel
    Hard facing high
    alloy material

    Service Training Malaga 7


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Manufacturing Friction Welding

    Service Training Malaga 8


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Manufacturing Friction Welding

    Service Training Malaga 9


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Manufacturing Friction Welding

    Find the weld with


    the help of a Magnet

    Service Training Malaga 10


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Operation

    Service Training Malaga 11


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Operation Spring Force

    Service Training Malaga 12


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Operation Valve Closing

    Tensile load in
    valve stem

    Service Training Malaga 13


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Operation Combustion Pressure

    Bending stresses
    in under head fillet

    Service Training Malaga 14


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    High Temperature Road signs


    • Thermal Cracks in Fillet Radius
    • Dished Valve Head
    • Oxidation, Scale Buildup
    • Many Valves Damaged

    Service Training Malaga 15


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

    Thermal Fatigue Crack

    Service Training Malaga 16


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

    Dishing or “tuliping”

    Service Training Malaga 17


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

    Oxidation and
    Decomposition

    Service Training Malaga 18


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

    Discoloring

    Service Training Malaga 19


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

    Chordal Fractures

    Service Training Malaga 20


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

    Chordal Fractures

    Service Training Malaga 21


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions High Temperature

    Chordal Fractures

    Service Training Malaga 22


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Misalignment

    Rotating bending stresses

    Service Training Malaga 23


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Misalignment

    Ratchet Marks

    Ratchet
    marks

    Service Training Malaga 24


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Bending Fatigue

    Ratchet Marks
    Beach Marks

    Service Training Malaga 25


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Camshaft Nomenclature

    Service Training Malaga 26


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Lash Adjustment

    Service Training Malaga 27


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Improper Lubrication Root Causes


    • Guide to Loose
    • Guide to Tight
    • Wrong Oil Type/Viscosity
    • Valve to Hot/ Cold
    • To Much/Little Oil

    Service Training Malaga 28


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Piston Contact

    Bent valve may indicate valve


    was sticking in guide

    Service Training Malaga 29


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Piston Contact

    Ductile or Brittle fracture


    due to impact load

    Service Training Malaga 30


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Piston Contact

    Brittle fracture

    Service Training Malaga 31


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Piston Contact

    The rest of the parts

    Service Training Malaga 32


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Piston Contact

    Brittle fracture

    Service Training Malaga 33


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Piston Contact

    Keeper may be damaged


    made of low carbon steel

    Service Training Malaga 34


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Piston Contact

    Cracks in retainers

    Service Training Malaga 35


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Piston Contact

    Full coil contact

    Service Training Malaga 36


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Piston Contact

    Service Training Malaga 37


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Guttering

    Caused by valve face deposits


    Mostly common in Gas engines

    Service Training Malaga 38


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Guttering

    Right OIL must be used to


    prevent deposit formation

    Service Training Malaga 39


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Guide Wear

    Improper Lubrication
    Poor lube oil quality
    Corrosive environment

    Service Training Malaga 40


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Corrosive Environment

    Service Training Malaga 41


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Corrosive Environment

    Service Training Malaga 42


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Abnormal Conditions Foreign Material

    Service Training Malaga 43


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Parts Problem
    • Friction Weld Failure
    • Handling Damage
    • Material Strength

    Service Training Malaga 44


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Parts Problem Friction Weld Failure

    Service Training Malaga 45


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Parts Problem Valve head and stem not aligned

    Service Training Malaga 46


    www.dvd4arab.com AFA I CHAPTER: Engine Valves

    Parts Problem Spring Problems

    Fail along the inner diameter


    Due to load is highest there

    Service Training Malaga 47

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