TRANSMISSION MODES IN COMPUTER NETWORKS

Transmission mode refers to the mechanism of transferring of data

between two devices connected over a network. It is also called
Communication Mode. These modes direct the direction of flow of
information. There are three types of transmission modes. They are:

(1) Simplex Mode

(2) Half duplex Mode
(3) Full duplex Mode
Transmission mode refers to the mechanism of transferring of data
between two devices connected over a network. It is also called
Communication Mode. These modes direct the direction of flow of
information. There are three types of transmission modes. They are:

(1) Simplex Mode

(2) Half duplex Mode
(3) Full duplex Mode
 SIMPLEX MODE
In this type of transmission mode, data can be sent only in one
direction i.e. communication is unidirectional. We cannot send a
message back to the sender. Unidirectional communication is
done in Simplex Systems where we just need to send a
command/signal, and do not expect any response back.
Examples: loudspeakers, television broadcasting, television and
remote, keyboard and monitor.
 HALF DUPLEX
Half-duplex data transmission means that data can be transmitted in both
directions on a signal carrier, but not at the same time.
For example, on a local area network using a technology that has half-duplex
transmission, one workstation can send data on the line and then immediately
receive data on the line from the same direction in which data was just
transmitted. Hence half-duplex transmission implies a bidirectional line (one
that can carry data in both directions) but data can be sent in only one
direction at a time.
Example: a walkie- talkie in which message is sent one at a time but
messages are sent in both the directions .
 FULL DUPLEX
In full duplex system we can send data in both the directions as it
is bidirectional at the same time in other words, data can be sent in
both directions simultaneously.

EXAMPLE: is a Telephone Network in which there is

communication between two persons by a telephone line, using
which both can talk and listen at the same time.
There can be two lines one for sending the data and the other for receiving data.
SYNCHRONOUS AND ASYNCHRONOUS
TRANSMISSION
SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION :
In Synchronous Transmission, data is sent in form of blocks or
frames. This transmission is the full duplex type. Between sender
and receiver the synchronization is compulsory. In Synchronous
transmission, there is no gap present between data. It is more
efficient and more reliable than asynchronous transmission to
transfer the large amount of data.
ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION:

In Asynchronous Transmission, data is sent in form of byte or

character. This transmission is the half duplex type
transmission. In this transmission start bits and stop bits are
added with data. It does not require synchronization.
 NOW, LET’S SEE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SYNCHRONOUS AND
ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION:

SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION

 
 
 
 

1. In Synchronous transmission, data is sent in form of In asynchronous transmission, data is sent in form of
blocks or frames. byte or character.

2. Synchronous transmission is fast. Asynchronous transmission is slow.

3. Synchronous transmission is costly. Asynchronous transmission economical.

4. In Synchronous transmission, time interval of In asynchronous transmission, time interval of
transmission is constant.
 
 
transmission is not constant, it is random.
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 

5. There is no gap present between data. There is present gap between data.
SERIAL AND PARALLEL TRANSMISSION
SERIAL TRANSMISSION

When data is sent or received using serial data transmission, the data bits are
organized in a specific order, since they can only be sent one after another.
The order of the data bits is important as it dictates how the transmission is
organized when it is received. It is viewed as a reliable data transmission
method because a data bit is only sent if the previous data bit has already
been received.
WHEN IS SERIAL TRANSMISSION USED TO SEND DATA?

Serial transmission is normally used for long-distance data transfer.

It is also used in cases where the amount of data being sent is
relatively small. It ensures that data integrity is maintained as it
transmits the data bits in a specific order, one after another. In this
way, data bits are received in-sync with one another.
PARALLEL TRANSMISSION

When data is sent using parallel data transmission, multiple data

bits are transmitted over multiple channels at the same time. This
means that data can be sent much faster than using serial
transmission methods.
WHEN IS PARALLEL TRANSMISSION USED TO SEND DATA?

Parallel transmission is used when:

 a large amount of data is being sent;

 the data being sent is time-sensitive;
 and the data needs to be sent quickly.
BASEBAND AND BROADBAND TRANSMISSION
BASEBAND TRANSMISSION
Baseband Transmission is a signaling technology that sends
digital signals over a single frequency as discrete electrical pulses.
The entire bandwidth of a baseband system carries only one data
signal and is generally less than the amount of bandwidth
available on a broadband transmission system.
BROADBAND TRANSMISSION
Whereas baseband uses digital signaling, broadband uses analog
signals in the form of optical or electromagnetic waves over multiple
transmission frequencies. For signals to be both sent and received,
the transmission media must be split into two channels.
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BASEBAND AND BROADBAND
TRANSMISSION
Baseband transmission Broadband transmission
1.Digital signaling. Analog signaling.
2.Frequency division multiplexing is not possible. 2.Transmission of data is unidirectional.

3.Baseband is bi-directional transmission. 3.Signal travelling distance is long.

4.Short distance signal travelling. 4.Frequency division multiplexing possible.

5.Entire bandwidth is for single signal transmission 5.Simultaneous transmission of multiple signals over different
frequencies.

6.Example: Ethernet is using Basebands for LAN. 6.Example : Used to transmit cable TV to premises