TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION

MICROCONTROLLER BASED POWER

THEFT IDENTFIER

Konark Institute Of Science & Technology, Jatant

Department Of Electrical Engineering

Under the guidance of Kaibalya bhusan barik

Er.Alok kumar panda Regd.no.0801214278
Er.Anupama majhi 7th semi,section:c
November 2011
 OBJECTIVES

Introduction
Transmission section
Receiving section

2 Advantage
Limitation
Possible feature
 INTRODUCTION

 The seminar work “MICROCONTROLLER BASED POWER

THEFT IDENTIFIER” is categorized into to two sections.
 Energy theft detection unit (Transmitter Section) located
at consumers place centralized detection.
 Display unit using Microcontroller (Receiver Section)
3
located at electrical sub-station, where the anti- power theft
squad of the State Electricity Department monitor system
continuously.
 BLOCK DIAGRAM &IT’S DESCRIPTION

4
 BRIEF DESCRIPTION

 The project work “MICROCONTROLLER

BASED POWER THEFT IDENTIFIER” is categorized
into to two sections viz. Energy theft detection unit
(Transmitter Section) located at consumers place and
centralized detection and display unit using
Microcontroller (Receiver Section) located at electrical
5 sub-station, where the anti- power theft squad of the
State Electricity Department monitor system
continuously.
 TRANSMISSION SECTION

 The energy theft identification unit located at energy

consumers location consists of LDR configured in mono stable
mode using IC 555 timer.
 The timer consists of two comparators, which are enabled at
1/3vcc and 2/3vcc. Thus as long as the light does not fall on the
LDR, the output of the timer is at low state.
Whenever the energy meter is opened or tampered, the light falls
on LDR. This makes the resistance of the LDR to fall to a low
value of less than 500ohms from high value of more than
6 100Kohms.
This in turn changes the threshold level of the timer and the
output is made high.
This will enable the relay driving transistor and in turn energizes
the relay.
This relay in turn provides supply to the tone generator circuit
i.e., the modulating input block.
  The audio tone generator is configured
with 555 timer IC in a stable mode. The
frequency of the timer is selected with R-C of
circuit.
The audio tone generator generates tone
frequency corresponding to the electric
consumer involved in energy theft. In this
7
project, for demonstration purpose, two theft
detectors are provided.
One is light sensing device and the other one is
touch sensitive device, which generates 2 KHz
and 3 KHz audio frequencies respectively.
Output of both the tone generators are fed to
 RECEVING SECTION
 The circuit at centralized sub-station consists of F.M Radio receiver
built with IC 5591A. In this case, it is used as a F.M detector and
limiter with minimum of external components.
 This IC includes cascaded stages of IF limiter and balanced product
detector with a very low harmonic distortion and high IF voltage gain.
The detected signal of the FM receiver is fed to the audio amplifier,
which amplifies the signal.
The amplified signal is fed to frequency to voltage converter that
uses phase locked loop IC CD 4046 and multiplexer CD 4053. This
frequency to voltage converter circuit converts the input frequency
8 into output D.C voltage. The phase locked loop IC contains a stable,
highly linear voltage controlled oscillator for low distortion F.M
demodulation, and double balanced phased detection.
The characteristics of the closed loop system, bandwidth, response
speed, capture and pull in range may be adjusted over a wide range
with external resistors and capacitors.
Thereby the D.C output voltage, which is proportional to the tone
frequency, is fed to the analog to digital converter block
 PROTO-TYPE MODULE:
TRANSMITTER SECTION:

9
 RECEVING SECTION

10
 ADVANTAGES

 The system consumes very little power for its operation.

 System operation is independent of time (24 hours

functioning).

 Automatic user identification

11
 LIMITATION

 Since the techniques employed in this

module are based on simple electronics, the
chances of making the system inoperative are
more. But, if a Microcontroller chip is used for
feeding the modulating input, we can make the
system more efficient.
 Wide range of frequencies is required to
12 facilitate large number of users. To overcome
this, carrier levels can be changed from region to
region.
 Presently, it requires a power supply (230 V)
for the operation, but a small battery with
automatic charging facility can be provided in
real time.
 APPLICATION

 The system can be incorporated for almost all

types of users.
 The concept is well suited especially for villages
and interior areas.

13
 POSSIBLE FEATURE IMPROVEMENT

 In addition to the power theft information, the

same transmitter can be used for transmitting the data
indicating the used energy (number of units). If this is
done, then there will be no requirement of data
collection (i.e. a lot of man power can be saved).
 Two way communication can be designed, so that a

14 signal (from sub-station) can be transmitted which

disconnects the main line from meter if the user did not
pay the bill in time or if the user is trying for power
theft
 CONCLUSION

 In this present project, the scheme for detecting the

power theft is based on the concepts of electro-optical
sensors and the electro-static charge associated with the
human body. Also, the theme was successfully verified and
proved. But, when the system has to be employed in real
time, a lot of sophisticated schemes can combine be
employed so that the chances for power theft can almost be
eliminated. As it is a prototype simulation, the distance
between transmitter and receiver is restricted to 10 meters.
15
The range between the transmitter and receiver can be
increased based on the requirements to the desired extent
with the usage of pre-amplifier stages and proper antennas.
The concept can be applied to places where proper
measure and preventive steps cannot be easily taken,
especially for villages and interiors areas.
 THANK YOU

16

ANY QUESTION ?
 REFERENCE

www.google.com

www.ieee.com

www.shutterstock.com

17