Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Housing Typologies: United Kingdom, Europe and Africa
Housing Typologies: United Kingdom, Europe and Africa
HOUSING
UNITED KINGDOM, EUROPE AND AFRICA
SUBMITTED TO –
SUBMITTED BY –
HIMALAYA (1731680)
1. 25% lacked a basic amenity (bath, wash hand basin, hot water);
2. 19% lacked an indoor WC;
3. 7% were in potential clearance areas;
4. 5% required repairs exceeding £1,000 (around £17,000 at 2017 costs,
based on the RPI index, the most relevant index of those dating back to
1967)
The 1967 housing survey was very significant because it provided the
evidence base for future housing policies.
These included the targeting of slum clearance programs, rather than the
previous ‘scattergun’ approach, and the identification of areas for grant-
A SHORT HISTORY aided improvement work.
OF UK NATIONAL It also enabled limited resources for public expenditure on housing
HOUSING SURVEYS improvement to be distributed on a scientific basis.
From then on, national housing surveys have been undertaken at regular
intervals to monitor the condition and performance of the housing stock
and to develop and target policies for its continued improvement
TIMELINE OF UK
NATIONAL HOUSING
SURVEYS
THE CURRENT UK
NATIONAL HOUSING
SURVEY MODELS
THE CURRENT UK
NATIONAL HOUSING
SURVEY MODELS
In 2017 there were some 28.5 million
homes in the UK. The great majority of
these were in England, Figure 2.1,
reflecting the distribution of the UK
population, Table 2.1.
DISTRIBUTION AND
DESCRIPTION OF
HOUSING IN THE UK
The housing stock of
the United Kingdom
is very diverse,
representing a long
history of house
building, local
building preferences
and materials, and
policy interventions.
AGE, TYPE AND SIZE Every dwelling type
OF DWELLINGS IN shown in Figure 2.2 is
THE UK represented in each
of the four UK nations
but in differing
proportions, Table
2.2.
AGE, TYPE AND SIZE
OF DWELLINGS IN
THE UK
The UK housing stock is dominated by houses, with over half (52%) of homes being
conjoined (built in terraces or in pairs) and just under one fifth (18%) being detached. Just
over a fifth (21%) of UK dwellings are flats, Table 2.2.
Within the UK, there are subtle differences between the housing stocks of the four
nations.Scottish workers’ housing was traditionally provided in tenements rather than
terraces, and flatted accommodation still dominates in urban areas. Northern Ireland has
a much higher proportion of bungalows, Figure 2.4.
DWELLINGS TYPE IN
THE UK
EUROPE
Sharing of walls or design
• Detached House
• Semi – Detached house
• Row House
• Courtyard house
• Apartment
Ownership
• Owned
• Rental
• Leased
PROPORTION OF
DWELLINGS BUILT
SINCE 2000, BY EU
NATION
In 2018, 46.0 % of people in the EU-27 lived in flats, close to one fifth (18.6 %) in semi-
detached houses and over one third (34.7 %) in detached houses.
Tenure Status –
• One quarter (24.9 %) of the EU-27 population lived in an owner-occupied home with a
mortgage or loan.
• More than two fifths (45.1 %) of the population lived in an owner-occupied home
without a loan or mortgage.
• One fifth (20.8 %) were tenants with a market price rent.
• Approximately one tenth (9.3 %) were tenants in reduced-rent or free
accommodation.
TYPES OF
DWELLINGS
1. Flats:
These types of houses are most popular in more urban/city-like areas such
as London and Birmingham. This is because they save a lot of space and
provide accommodation for many people within a single building.
2. 2-Level Flats:
A different type of flat that exists in the UK is the 2-level flat (also known as a
marionette or duplex flat).
These are types of flats which contain two floors within one household,
meaning that they have a built-in staircase and their overall living space is
split into two levels rather than just on the one, like in a typical flat.
TYPOLOGY OF
HOUSINIG
3. Studio Flats:
Another property type is the studio flat.
This sort of flat combines a kitchen,
bedroom and living space in one large
open space. A studio flat would be ideal
for a single person or a couple as there
is usually not enough room for a whole
family and the space is not separated
by any rooms.
TYPOLOGY OF
4. Converted Flats:
HOUSINIG
It is characteristically an older, larger
house which has been split into two
houses – the top floor and ground floor.
Converted flats aren’t always split into
two, depending on the initial size of the
house, they can be divided into several
households.
5. Detached Houses:
Detached houses are single houses
which are not connected to another
house or building and consequently,
these houses are viewed as more
private. This type of house, more often
than not, has both a large front and
back garden as well as a driveway, as its
space is not restricted by other
buildings nearby.
TYPOLOGY OF
HOUSINIG 6. Semi-detached Houses:
Semi-detached houses are simply
coupled together via a wall on only one
side. This saves more space on the
given road. These types of houses are
often much cheaper than the detached
houses due to the house not being as
private.
7. Terraced Houses:
This property type is attached, on both
sides, to other houses. A terrace house
is on a row of comparable houses
attached to one another by their side
walls. These are very popular type of
houses in the UK and are especially
prevalent in larger cities with denser
populations.
10. Mansions:
TYPOLOGY OF
A mansion is the largest house of them
HOUSINIG all. This house is also the most
expensive out of all the different types
of houses in the UK. This is usually a
place full of rich residents. The typical
mansion consists of multiple large
rooms, many floors and a huge garden,
composed of many acres of land.
There are three main building types found in Sub-Saharan Africa, namely,
Yomata (daub & wattle), Mdindo (rammed earth) and Zidina (sun-dried mud
blocks).
Yomata (Daub & Wattle)
• The original house plan was round but today rectangular house plans are also
found.
• The round-shape provided a stronger structural form than the rectangular one.
However, the rectangular shape also brought in another dimension to the plan,
TRADITIONAL that of length to width ratio and a totally different type of roof.
BUILDING • The traditional materials used in Yomata houses are wooden poles, bamboo,
TECHNIQUES mud, grass thatch and natural fibre in various degrees.
• The tools used are axe, hoe and buckets.
Yomata House
Building Technique
Mdindo (rammed earth)
• A pit is dug and water is poured in it overnight.
• The soil is only expected to be moist i.e. the soil must not retain the water. The
tools used are a hoe, two buckets, a mould, a tamping wooden piece, and a
scraper for removing soil from the mould.
TRADITIONAL
BUILDING
TECHNIQUES