Operational Amplifiers

Presented By:
Sulaiman Rajab Shehu
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
151204013
Content
• What is an OP AMP.
• Characteristics.
• Workings of an OP AMP
• Types of Amplifiers
What is an OP AMP?
• An OP-AMP is an electronic circuit that can carry out mathematical
operations of addition, subtraction, differentiation and integration.
Hence the word “operational”.
• Op-amp is used to amplify DC and AC signals.
• An OP-AM is implemented on an IC (Integrated Circuit).
Diagram of an OP AMP
Characteristics of OPAMP
• Infinite input impedance (about 2 Mohm)
• Low output impedance (about 200 ohm)
• Very large voltage gain at low frequency
• Thus, small changes in voltages can be
amplified by using an op-amp
• Infinite bandwidth (all frequencies are
amplified by same factor
• No slew rate – no delay between change in
i/p and changes in o/p
Workings of an OP AMP
The op-amp can be regarded as a device which generates an voltage Vo
given by:
Vout = A (V2 – V1)
• A is called as the gain of the amplifier.
• V1 is the voltage applied at the inverting input.
• V2 is the voltage applied at the non-inverting input.
 Types of Amplifiers
Inverting Amplifiers.
• For an Inverting amplifier:
Gain = -Rf / Rin
Example : if Rf is 100 kilo-ohm and Rin is
10 kilo-ohm,
Gain = -100 / 10 = -10
Types of Amplifiers
Non- Inverting Amplifiers.
• Gain of this amplifier is:
A = 1 + Rf/Rin
Types of Amplifiers
Summing Amplifiers.
• This Amplifier sums up the input voltage.
Types of Amplifiers
Difference Amplifiers.
• This Amplifier performs the subtraction operation.
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