Doors and windows

• A door is an openable barrier secured in a wall

opening.
• It consists of Door frame and door shutter.
• A window is vented barrier secured in a wall
opening.
• Purpose of window is to admit light and air to the
building and to give a view to the outside.
• It also provide insulation against heat and sound.
 Location of doors and windows
• The no of doors in a room should be kept minimum since
larger no of doors cause obstruction and consume more area
in circulation.

• It should not be located in the centre of the wall.It should

preferably located near the corner of room.nearly 20cm away
from the corner.

• If there are two doors in a room the door should preferably

be located in opposite walls,facing each other,so as to provide
good ventilation,and free circulation of air in rooms.

•
• A window should be located in opposite wall, facing
a door or another window so that cross ventilation is
achieved.

• From the point of view of fresh air, window should

be located on northern side of room.

• The sill of a window should be located about 70 to

80cm about floor level of the room.
 The size and no of windows should also meet
functional requirements of the room

• Distribution of light,
• control of ventilation and privacy of
occupants.
• interior decoration,
• arrangement of furniture etc
Doors
Definition of technical terms:

1. Frame:

2. Shutters

3. Head

4. Sill

5. Lock rail

6. Bottom rail
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Size of doors:
• The size of door should be such that it would allow the
movement of largest object or tallest person.

• The height of the door should not be less than 1.8m to 2.0m

• Width – 0.4 to 0.6 times Height

• 1. Doors of residential building;
i. External door – (1.0m x 2.0m) to (1.1m x 2m)
ii. Internal door – (0.9m x 2m) to (1m x 2m)
iii. Doors for bathrooms and water closets –
..(0.7m x 2m) to (0.8m x 2m)
iv. Garrages for cars – 2.25m (height) x 2.25m(width)
2. Public buildings such as schools, hospitals, libraries etc.
i. 1.2m x 2.0m
ii. 1.2m x 2.1m
iii. 1.2m x 2.25m
• It indicates in modulus…each module 100mm
• Example, 8 DS 20 (8 is width side, 8 x 100)

Door frames: it is assembly of horizontal and vertical members

forming an enclosure to which door shutters are fixed.
• Vertical member - Jambs or posts
• Horizontal top member – Head

Material : Door frames – 1. Timber 2. Steel section

3. Aluminium sections
Different types of doors
Types of doors:
1. Battened and ledged doors/ framed door
2. Framed and Paneled doors
3. Flush doors
4. Revolving doors
5. Sliding doors
6. Swing doors
7. Collapsible steel doors
8. Rolling steel shutter door etc..