INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND

PLANS
 ALPHABET OF LINES

In sketching orthographic drawing, certain conventional lines are

used for a definite purpose. These lines are commonly called
Alphabet of Lines.
USES OF ALPHABET OF LINES
 CONSTRUCTION LINE

• Very light line used to “block in” an object. These

lines are made so light that little or no erasing is
needed. They serve as base for darkening in the
permanent line
 BORDERLINE

• Heavy, solid line used to frame in the

drawing
 VISIBLE LINE

• A medium line used to show edges and

contours not visible to the eye.
 INVISIBLE LINE

• A medium line used to show edges and

contours not visible to the eye.
 CENTER LINE

• A light line used as axis of symmetry. Used

for center of circle and arcs. Sometimes the
symbol is shown
 DIMENSION LINE

• Light thin lines used to show the sizes of the

object. Extension lights start about 1/16”
from visible or object line. The dimension
line is broken near the center for the
dimension.
 LONG BREAK LINE

• Wavy line draws freehand for same

purpose as long break
 90 DEGREE ELBOWS

• This is a fitting device which is bent in such a way to produce 90

degree change in the direction of flow of the content in the pipe.
An Elbow is used to change the direction in piping and is also
sometimes called a "quarter bend". A 90 degree elbow attaches
readily to plastic, copper, cast iron, steel and lead.
 STRAIGHT TEE

• A straight tee means a tee which the branch outlet

has a 90 degree direction turning from the main pipe
of the tee.It could be a equal tee or a reducing tee.
 REDUCING TEE

• Reducing tee is another type of pipe tee

used in pipe and tube fittings.
 SANITARY TEE

• Sanitary Tee is a fitting designed to connect

a branch line into a vwrtical drain (or vent)
line.
 P-TRAP

• Is a plumbing fixture that has several

purposes.
 GATE VALVE

• Is generally used to completely shut of fluid

flow or in the fully open position, provide
full flow in a pipeline.
• SHOWER HEAD
• LAVATORY SINK
• BATH TUBS
• SHOWER STALL
THANK YOU ❤️♥️