Chapter X.

X: Rational Numbers (Integers &

Decimals)
Goal: to read, represent, compare, and order rational numbers, including decimal numbers to
thousandths, in various contexts

Expectation B1.3
Imagine. . .
(Opening Engagement Question)
Interest Rates
Ashlee is going to buy a house and needs to take out a mortgage. She goes to her bank
and asks what the mortgage rates are. She finds the rates HERE.

List the rates in order from least

to greatest.
What is a Mortgage?
Let’s learn more. . .
Rational Numbers
Rational numbers - a number that can be expressed as a fraction in which the
denominator is not 0
Whole Numbers Integers
Rational
numbers are: Example: 5 = 5/1 Example: -9 = -9/1

Decimals (positive and

Fractions (positive
negative)
and negative) We will be
Example: 0.25 = ¼ covering
these rational
Example: ⅚, -½ numbers in
this unit
Fractions will be covered in
another unit
Review: Integers
Integer - a positive number, a negative number, or a zero. Not a decimal or fraction.

On a vertical line. . .
On a horizontal line. . .
Positive
Negative Positive integers
integers integers
0
Negative
0 “0” is neither
integers
positive or
negative
Review: What is a Decimal?
Decimal - a way to describe fractions and mixed numbers using place value

A decimal point separates the ones place from the tenths place

Example:

Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones Tenths Hundredths Thousandths

3 5 8 1 2

Read: thirty-five and eight

Decimal hundred twelve thousandths
point
Review: Decimals in Expanded Form
Expanded form - writing a number to show the value of each digit; can be written as:

1. Sum of each digit

2. Sum of each digit multiplied by its matching place value

35.208 = 30 + 5 + 0.2 + 0.008

Expanded form (sum of each digit)

= 3 ✕ 10 + 5 ✕ 1+ 2 ✕ 0.1 + 8 ✕ 0.001
Standard
notation
Expanded form (sum of each digit ✕ by place value)
 Do you Remember - Inequality Signs
Inequality sign - a sign to show that one quantity is greater than or less than another

Symbol and Name Words

is more than
> Greater Than exceeds
is over

is less than
< Less Than fewer
is below

Example: 55.871 < 79.001 (fifty-five and eight hundred seventy-one thousandths is less than
seventy-nine and one thousandths)
Review: Comparing Negative Integers
1. Compare the absolute value. The least number is the negative integer with the
greater absolute value. I look at absolute values: 12
and 16. 16 is greater → since
Example: −12 > −16 this is a negative integer, this
number is smaller

2. Compare on a number line. On a horizontal number line, the lesser number is the
farthest to the left of zero. On a vertical number line, the lesser number is the
farthest below zero.
-16 -12

Therefore, -12 >

-18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 -16
> < =
Strategies to Compare Rational
Numbers The farther a rational number is to
the right of zero on a horizontal
1. Use a number line number line, the greater the number.
The farther a rational number is to
the left of zero on a horizontal
Compare each number line, the lesser the number.
digit individually
based on place
value from left to
right.
2. Look at each digit in its place
value
Example - Comparing Decimals
Ines was able to run the 100m in 13.27 seconds. Harriet was able to run it in 13.34
seconds. Who ran it faster?

Understand the question

The faster time is the smaller number. I need to compare 13.27 and
13.34 and see which number is smaller.
Solution 1 - Using a Number Line
Ines was able to run the 100m in 13.27 seconds. Harriet was able to run it in 13.34
seconds. Who ran it faster?
13.27 <
13.34

Ines Harriet

13 13.2 13.4 13.6 13.8 14.1

Therefore, Ines ran faster than Harriet.

 Solution 2 - Looking at Digits in the Place
Value
Ines was able to run the 100m in 13.27 seconds. Harriet was able to run it in 13.34
seconds. Who ran it faster?
STEP 1: STEP 2:
Compare the Ines Harriet Read only the
numbers starting digit in the next
from the first digit
on the left (tens). If
they are the same,
13.27 13.34 place value
(ones).
Since they are the
move to the next
digit. 13.27 13.34 same, move to
the next digit.

STEP 3:
13.27 13.34
Read the digits in
the next place value
(tenths). Since 2<3
then 13.27<13.341

Therefore, Ines ran faster than Harriet.

> < =
Example - Comparing Rational
Numbers
List the following rational numbers in ascending order:

¼, −0.25, 1.5, -½

Understand the question

Ascending order means from smallest to largest. I need to convert all
numbers to either fractions or all decimals. I will choose decimals as
it’s easier to compare. (If I converted to fractions, I need to make sure
all denominators are the same.
Example - Comparing Rational
Numbers
List the following rational numbers in ascending order:

¼, −0.25, 1.5, -½

¼ = 0.25 Now I will list them in ascending order.

I can think of them on a number line:
-½ = -0.5
-0.5 -0.25 0.25 1.5

-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5

Therefore, the numbers in ascending

order are: -½, -0.25, ¼, 1.5
We can also solve the
problem by comparing
the digits in relation to
its place value!
Example - Comparing Rational
Numbers
List the following rational numbers in ascending order:

¼, −0.25, 1.5, -½ I know 1.5 is the largest and

¼ is the second largest
since they are the only
¼ = 0.25 positive integers.
-½ = -0.5
Let’s look at the negative
integers Now I know
that -0.5 is the
-0.25 > -0.5 smallest

Therefore, the numbers in ascending

order are: -½, -0.25, ¼, 1.5
A B C D