Good

Afternoon
 PRINCIPLES OF
ADMINISTRATION
AND
SUPERVISION

Presented by:
Rose Marie Masongsong
● PRINCIPLE – is considered as a law, a doctrine, a
policy, or a deep-seated beliefs which governs the
conduct of various types of human activities.
 ADMINISTRATION
- the management and
application of the processes
an office, business, or
organization.
SUPERVISION
- act or function of
overseeing something or
somebody.
“GENERAL PRINCIPLES IN
SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION
AND SUPERVISION”
 It aimed to give the fullest
School measure of freedom to the
administrator individual to develop his
maximum capacities, so long as
and supervisor the development does not
must be interfere or create conflicts with
the welfare rights of others.
democratic.
Characteristics of
Autocratic and
Democratic
Administration
 AUTOCRATIC
1. Thinks he can sit by himself and
see all angles of problems.
2. Does not know how to use the
experience of others.
3. Cannot bear to let any of the
strings of management slip duties
from his fingers.
4. Is so tied to routine details that
he seldom tackles his target job
DEMOCRATIC
1. Realizes the potential power in
fifty or thirty brains.
2. Know how to utilize the power.
3. Knows how to delegate duties.
4. Free himself from routine
details in order to run his energy to
creative leadership.
 AUTOCRATIC
5. Is jealous of ideas reacts in one
of that several ways when
someone makes a proposal.
6. Makes decisions that should
have concern him by the group.
7.Adopts paternalistic attitude
position towards the group.
DEMOCRATIC
5. Is quick to recognize and praise
an idea comes from someone else
or others.
6. Refers to the group all matters
is the group.
7. Maintains the adviser both on
personal and professional matters.
 AUTOCRATIC
8. Expects hero-worship, with fair
and just with delight at his
attempts at humor and so forth.
9. Does not admit even to himself
that he is autocratic.
10. Sacrifices everything teachers,
students involved than with
freedom system.
DEMOCRATIC
8. Wishes to be respected as an
individual as he respect others.
9. Conciously practices
democratic process.
10. Is more concerned with the
growth of progress to the end of a
smooth-running individuals from
annoyances.
 This implies group action.
School There is strength in cooperation
Administration and progress results from
and Supervision combined efforts of all.
(administrator, supervisor,
must be teachers, parents, & pupils)
cooperative.
 School emphasizes that the use of
Administration and the scientific principle and
Supervision to be that the solution of problems
effective,must be should be based on facts.
scientific.
 PHILOSOPHY – is a background of
School theory of knowledge and beliefs which
Administration and explains and justifies a selected way of
life.
Supervision must be Educational philosophy affects the
thinking and resultant actions of the
based on accepted leaders who control public school’s
educational administration and supervision.
philosophy.
 School
Administration and Creative administration and
supervision encourages growth.
Supervision must be
creative.
 School
It has been pointed out that
Administration and only by knowing as accurate as
Supervision must be possible the results of instruction
evaluated in the can the process of education be
improved.
lights of their
results.
 Responsibility and This principle of
parallelism of duties is the
control in matters of particular sphere to which
school administration the school administrator
and supervision must or supervisor is assigned
and for which he is
run parallel throughout responsible.
the system.
 School Misconceptions regarding this,
Administration must causes more misunderstanding and
be distinguished possibly more neglect of duties.
from Supervision.
 School Any help that an
Administration and administrator or supervisor
can give to the teachers must
Supervision must be
be the standards to avoid
preventive and commiting mistakes.
constructive.
 School We must aimed to provide
conditions favorable to the growth
Administration and development of the children or
and Supervision learners. We should guide the
must be centered children to determine their
difficulties and potentialities, and
on Child growth the most suitable type of education
and development.
 School Flexibility here is
Administration characterized by its being
adopted and readily adjust to
and Supervision
meet the requirement of
must be flexible. changing conditions.
 • Flexibility of school building
School • Flexibility of objectives and
Administration teaching procedures
and Supervision • Flexibility of instructional
must be flexible. materials and devices
• Flexibility of the school
requirement and standard norm
 School Flexibility here is
Administration characterized by its being
adopted and readily adjust to
and Supervision
meet the requirement of
must be flexible. changing conditions.
THE NEED FOR A DEMOCRATIC
ADMINISTRATION AND
SUPERVISION
Democratic Administration & Supervision

• The workers of an organization must be treated as

citizens.
• Managers of today’s era are obliged to manage the
whole organization in a framework of values of
democracy.
emocratic Administration & Supervision

• Establishment of democratic administration will be possible in

school only if the head of school follows the rules and regulation
of democracy in the management activities.
Democratic Administration & Supervision

• Managements have to take some effective steps

in order to influence human resources
successfully, to achieve organizational
objectives.
 According to Lawler (2001) for organizations to be more productive,
high officials and boss of the organization reflect elements of democratic
leadership in their attitude with subordinates a brief and necessary behavior
for a democratic school management are as follows:

• Employees should have rights to free express their views and

share their thoughts with management with comfort.
• Environment should be provided in which management
consider the appropriate ideas of employees.
• Staff should be encouraged for taking initiatives,
responsibility and risk issues.
• Establishing a cooperative culture, where the
responsibilities are shared, support should be
provided to staff in their hard times .
• Certain conditions must be fulfilled in order to implement a
democratic management approach educational organizations
as implemented in the ancient Greek city-states where all of
the citizens participate administration actively.
• The most important of them is the simplification of
organizational structure, as bureaucracy-free as possible.
• The other most important need is to state a democratic
leadership behavior in management department.
 Thank You
for Listening