Application of

GIS and Remote sensing in

Disaster Management
Pillars of disaster management
• Prediction
• Preparedness
• Mitigation
• Response and
• Recovery
Prediction
• Remote sensing (RS) has become an operational tool in the disaster prediction
and warning phases for disaster due to their speedy reach, coverage and
accuracy.
• RS satellites have different types of sensors such as, panchromatic, infrared,
microwaves and thermal etc. All these sensors have applications in disaster
prediction depending on the electromagnetic characteristics of the objects on
Earth and the nature of disaster.
• For example, thermal sensors capture fire hazards, infrared sensors is suitable
for floods and microwave sensors can record soil moisture. Nearly all kinds of
disasters, such as, earthquake, volcano, tsunami, forest fire, hurricane and
floods can be sensed using RS satellites.
Floods & Land sliding

• Environmental impact assessment in the fragile ecosystems.

• Monitor rapid processes of erosion, sedimentation.
• Crop yield and production forecasting and estimation.
• Monitor areal extent of snow cover.
• Estimation of snowmelt & rainfall runoff.
• Study indicators related to glacial hazards.
Earthquake

• Identification of regional structural trends ,folds, major faults and fracture

zones.
• Distinguish, classify and analyze different landforms at the crust of earth.
• Study and monitor the modification of landforms.
• Prepare maps of land forms and terrain for detailed analysis.
Disaster Preparedness and mitigation

• Emergencies can happen anywhere at any time with little or no warning. The
best protection in any emergency is to be prepared for the unexpected and
know what to do. This will help in controlling the situation better and allow to
recover more quickly.
• In the flood preparedness phase, it is a tool for the planning of evacuation
routes, for the design of centers for emergency operations.
• If we are prepared for the upcoming disaster then we can reduce the severity of
the disaster.
Live data and Response
• In the past, solving a disaster were taken based on prior information,
and not the live information, which has been provided. RS is efficient
because live data is provided on many factors such as infrastructures,
the geography of the location, the population of the affected
individuals. This is important in the response and recovery step.
• Since we have the live data we can give the effective response.
Disaster Relief, Rehabilitation and
Reconstruction
• RS technology plays vital role in both the immediate relief and long-
term development phases of disaster relief, Rehabilitation and
Reconstruction.
• Satellite imagery assists in estimating the damaged infrastructure and
analyzing the severity of vital services required to any community,
undertaking detailed damage and urban development planning.
• In the flood relief phase, GIS is extremely useful in search and rescue
operations in areas that have been devastated and where it is difficult to find
the injured people.
CONCLUSION
Gis and remote sensing can be used in all stages of disaster management
• Prediction
• Preparedness and mitigation
• Response
• Relief, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
THANK YOU