Copyright © 2014 Waleed Elsafoury

LTE Physical Layer

BY:
ENG. Waleed Elsafoury
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
 Text
Source coding • compression
 Subtext

Channel coding • Error detection and correction

Interleaving • Randomization of errors

OFDM Modulation • Mapping – IFFT – CP insertion

UP conversion • Freq. up conversion

LTE Physical
TitleLayer
 Text CODING
SOURCE
 Subtext

• Voice ( NB-AMR & WB-AMR )

• Video ( 3GP – H.262 )
• Image ( JPG )
• Data
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
CHANNEL
 Text CODING
 Subtext
CRC • Error detection

• Error correction
Convolutional
• For low rate

• Error correction
Turbo
• For high rate
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
ERROR
 Text CORRECTION
 Subtext

Error Correction

FEC BEC
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
CRC GENERATOR
 For gCRC = D3 + D + 1

0 0 0

Data Stream
 LTE Physical Layer
SYNDROME DETECTOR

0 0 0

CRC + Data Stream

OR
Gate
 LTE Physical
TitleLayer
CYCLIC
 Text REDUNDANCY CHECK
 Subtext

- gCRC24(D) = [D24 + D23 + D18 + D17 + D14 + D11 + D10 + D7 + D6 + D5 + D4 + D3 + D + 1]

- gCRC16(D) = [D16 + D12 + D5 + 1]

- gCRC8(D) = [D8 + D7 + D4 + D3 + D + 1]
 LTE Physical
TitleLayer
CONVOLUTIONAL
 Text ENCODER
 Subtext
 
FOR :
R=½
K=3

Data Stream
0 0
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
FINITE
 Text STATE MACHINE
 Subtext
a :0 0 0 / 00
b :1 0 1 / 11
c :0 1 a b
d :1 1 0 / 11

1 / 00 0 / 10
1 / 01
1 / 10

d c
0 / 01
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
TRELLIS
 Text DIAGRAM
 Subtext
00 00 00 00
a
11 11 11 11
11 11
b
10
01 10 10
c
01 01
01 01
d
10 10
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
VITERBI
 Text DECODER
 Subtext
a

d
 LTE Physical
TitleLayer
CONVOLUTIONAL
 Text ENCODER
 Subtext

ck
D D D D D D

d k(0) G0 = 133 (octal)

d k(1) G1 = 171 (octal)

d k( 2) G2 = 165 (octal)
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
TURBO
 Text ENCODER
 Subtext
X
X

Z
RSC

Z’
Interleaver RSC
 LTE Physical
TitleLayer
RECURSIVE SYSTEMATIC CONVOLUTIONAL ENCODER
 Text
 Subtext

Data Stream
0 0
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
TURBO
 Text ENCODER
xk
g0(D) = 1Subtext

+ D2 + D3 1st constituent encoder
zk

g1(D) = 1 + D + D3 ck
D D D

Output
Input
Turbo code internal
interleaver 2nd constituent encoder z k
Output

ck
D D D

xk
 LTE Physical
TitleLayer
TURBO
 Text ENCODER INTERLEAVER
 (i )   f Subtext
i  f  i  mod K
 2
1 2
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
INTERLEAVER
 Text
Number of columns Inter-column permutation pattern
 Subtext
< 0, 16, 8, 24, 4, 20, 12, 28, 2, 18, 10, 26, 6, 22, 14, 30,
32 1, 17, 9, 25, 5, 21, 13, 29, 3, 19, 11, 27, 7, 23, 15, 31 >

Before
0, 1, 2, 3, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - , (RC - 1)
Interleaving
0 1 m C-1
Write Data
C C+1 C+m 2C-1
into Matrix
• • --- • --- •
Row-wise
• • --- • --- •
(R-1)C (R-1)(C+1) (R-1)(C+m) RC-1
Permute C0 C1 --- Cm --- CC-1
Matrix
Columns

0 m 1 C-1
Read Data C C+m C+1 2C-1
from Matrix • • • •
Column-wise • • • •
(R-1)C (R-1)(C+m) (R-1)(C+1) RC-1
C0 Cm C1 CF-1
After
Interleaving 0, C, … , (R-1)C , m, C+m, … (R-1)(C+m) , … , 1, C+1 , (R-1)(C+1), .., C-1 , 2C-1 , … RC-1
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
OFDM
 Text MODULATION
 Subtext

CP
Mapper IFFT
Insertion
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
MAPPER
 Text
 Subtext
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
MAPPER 16QAM
 Text
 Subtext

BPSK

QPSK
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
 Text
 Subtext

al
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
 Text
 Subtext

al
LTE Physical
TitleLayer
UPText
 CONVERSION
 Subtext

al

S/P