TYPES OF SAMPLING

ROSHAN SAFREEN. T
18BBA123
2ND BBA CA (A)
INTRODUCTION:
 Sampling is the process of selecting observations (a
sample) to provide an adequate description and
inferences of the population.

 Sample
• It is a unit that is selected from population
• Represents the whole population
• Purpose to draw the inference
TYPES OF SAMPLING:
 1. PROBABILITY SAMPLE – a method of sampling
that uses random selection so that all units/cases in the
population have an equal probability of being chosen.

 2. NON – PRPBABILITY SAMPLE – does not involve

random selection and methods are based on the rationale
of probability theory.
TYPES OF SAMPLES:
 PROBABILITY SAMPLES:
• Simple random sample
• Systematic random sample
• Stratified random sample
• Cluster sample

 NON – PROBABILITY SAMPLES:

• Convenience sampling
• Quota sampling
• Judgement sampling
• Snowball sampling
1.1 SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING:
 Appplicable when population is small, heterogeneous
and readily available.

 All subsets of the frame are given an equal probability.

Each element of the frame thus has an equal probability
of selection. A table of random number or lottery system
is used to determine which units are to be selected.
1.2 SYSTEMATIC RANDOM SAMPLING:
 Similar to simple random sampling. No table of random
numbers – select directly from sampling frame. Ratio
between sample size and population size.

 Order all units in the sampling frame

 Then every nth number on the list is selected

 N= sampling interval
1.3 STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING:
 The population is divided into two or more groups called
strata, according to some criterion, such as geographic
location, grade level, age, or income, and subsamples are
randomly selected fro each strata.

 Stratified random sampling can be classified into

proportionate stratified sampling and disproportionate
random sampling.
1.4 CLUSTER SAMPLE:
 Cluster sampling is an example of ‘two-stage sampling’ .

 Sampling units are groups rather than individuals.

 The population is divided into subgroups (clusters) like

families. A simple random sample is taken of the
subgroups and then all members of the cluster selected
are surveyed.
2.1 CONVENIENCE SAMPLE:
 Selection of whichever individuals are easiest to reach.

 It is done at the convenience of the “researcher”.

 This type of sampling is most useful for pilot testing.

 In social science research, snowball sampling is a similar

technique, where existing study subjects are used to
recruit more subjects into the sample.
2.2 QUOTA SAMPLING:
 The population is first segmented into mutually
exclusively sub-groups, just as in stratified sampling.

 Then judgement used to select subjects or units from

each segment based on a specified proportion.

 In quota sampling the selection of the sample is non-

random.
2.3 JUDGEMENT SAMPLING:
 The researcher chooses the sample based on who they
think would be appropriate for the study. This is used
primarily when there is a limited number of people that
have expertise in the area being researched.

 Selected based on an experienced individual’s belief .

2.4 SNOWBALL SAMPLING:
 Useful when a population is hidden or difficult to gain
access to. The contact with an initial group is used to
make contact with others.

 Respondents identify additional people to include in the

study.

 The defined target market is small and unique.

 Compiling a list of sampling units is very difficult.

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