POPULATION,SAMPLE,PROBABILITY AND

NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

BY 5 GROUP

FALDA MAWARNI PUTRI (18033920)

SITI AMINAH (18033963)
UMI AINI (18033934)
YOLANDA BR SITEPU (18033943)
 POPULATION

In research terminology the Population

can be explain as a comprehensive group
of individuals, institutions, objects and so
forth with have a common characteristics
that are the interest of a researcher. The
common characteristics of the groups
distinguish them from other individual,
institutions, objects and so forth.
Sample can be defined as the small portion of a
population selected for a particular study.The
sample should clearly represent the characteristics
of intended group.According to Young “A statistical
sample is a miniature picture of cross selection of
the entire group or aggregate from which the sample
is taken”.The process of conducting a survey to
collect data from a sample is called sample
survey.The value which is identified or measured
from the characteristics of the sample can be termed
as statistic.
 SAMPLING

The process of selection or the drawing of the

accurate representation of a unit,group or sample
from a population of interest is called as
sampling.Sampling can be done through various
sampling techniques in accordance with the nature of
the sample as well as the subject matter of the study.It
is the Sampling procedure,which will decide the
accurate representation of the sample selected for the
study as well as the relevance of generalization made
from the research.
 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

Sample can be selected through different

methods.Blalock (1960) classified the sampling
methods in to two categories on the basis of the
nature of selection of the sample units,namely:  
1.Probability Sampling Technique
2.Non-Probability Sampling Technique
 1.PROBABILITY SAMPLING
TECHNIQUE

Probability sampling technique is defined as a

sampling technique in which the researcher chooses
samples from a larger population using a method
based on the theory of probability.For a participant to
be considered as a probability sample,they must be
selected using a random selection.
 THE TYPES OF PROBABILITY
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

A. Simple random sampling technique

B. Stratified random sampling technique
C. Cluster sampling technique
D. Systematic sampling technique
 o
A.SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING
TECHNIQUE

It is the simplest form of random sampling.In this sampling

technique each elements of population might have given equal
chance to be selected for the study.Randomness completely
depends on the procedure of selection of sampling units from the
population.
=>Basic requirements of simple random sampling:
1. Prepare a comprehensive list of all the units in a population of
interest.
2. Design a method where all the units get equal chances to be
selected as a sample.
3. Ensure a systematic process of selection where one unit of
selection has no impact on the chances of selecting another unit.
 B.STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING
TECHNIQUE

When the researcher needs stratification of population

based on single characteristics or attributes such as
male and female, urban and rural, married and
unmarried and so forth they warranted the stratified
random sampling technique.Here the population is
divided in to two or more strata.
 C.CLUSTER SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

Cluster sampling technique is a variation of

simple random sampling technique.It is
used when the population of the study is
infinite and the population units are
scattered across the wide geographical area.
 D.SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
TECHNIQUE

Systematic sampling can be defined

as selecting or drawing of every
“nth” item or person from a pre
determined list.
 2.NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLING
TECHNIQUE

Non-probability sampling techniques are the techniques

in which the researchers select the samples from the
population without randomization.Here the samples
might have selected at the discretion of the researcher.In
this sampling there is no means of judging the probability
of the element or group of elements,of population being
included in the sample.
THE TYPES OF NON-PROBABILITY
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

A. Convenience Sampling
B. Quota Sampling
C. Purposive Sampling
D. Snowball Sampling
 A.CONVENIENCE SAMPLING

Convenience sampling is a non-probability

sampling technique where samples are selected
from the population only because they are
conveniently available to the researcher.
 B.QUOTA SAMPLING

In this sampling the investigator initially sets some

relevant categories of people and decides the
number of units should be selected for the study as a
sample.
 C.PURPOSIVE SAMPLING

It is also known as judgment sampling.It is valuable in

special circumstances. Judgment sampling is used in
exploratory research or in field research.The researcher may
exercise his own judgment or uses the judgment of an expert
in selecting cases. In purposive sampling the researcher never
knows whether the cases, selected represent the population.
Purposive sampling is suitable to select unique cases when
the researcher knew that they might be providing relevant and
valuable information that he or she requires.
 D.SNOWBALL SAMPLING

It is a sociometric sampling method and also known as

network, chain referral or reputation sampling method. In
this method the researcher starts collection of data from the
person who known to the researcher. At the end of the data
collection the respondent will be asked to provide the
contact information of another respondent who can give
relevant information regarding this area of the study. These
processes are repeated and get more respondents and
relevant information to the researcher. Snow ball sampling is
more useful when there are small possibilities to get the
information regarding the population or the population is
unknown.
 POINT TO BE REMEMBERED

Population Sample Sampling

A comprehensive group of
individuals,institutions,objects
having common characteristics that
are the interest of a researcher.
Representative group of
Process of drawing a representative
individuals/elements from group of individuals/elements
a particular population from a particular population.

Sampling Technique

Probability Sampling Technique Non-Probability Sampling Technique

Probability of each element in the Researchers select the samples from the
population is ensured for being selected as population without
sample unit for the study (Randomiation). randomization.Probability is not ensured.