AGYU EPIKO NG

ILIANON
LEVI B. BUBAN
MAED-FILIPINO
MGA PANGUNAHING TAUHAN

AGYU
• Si Agyu ay ang
tinaguriang bayani
ng Ilianon.

• Pinamumunaan
niya ang bayan ng
Nalandangan, at
ipinaglaban ito
mula sa lahat ng
numais na sakupin
ito.
Banlak
• Si Banlak ay isa
sa mga kapatid ni
Agyu

• isa sa mga
pangunahing
mandirigma sa
bayan ng
Nalandangan

• Asawa niya si
Mungan.
KUYASO
• ang pamangkin ni
Agyu na
nakapatay sa
Datu ng mga
moro.
TANAGYAW
• ang anak ni Agyu

• Siya ang humalili sa

kanyang ama sa isang
labanan, kung saan
siya ay nagwagi.

• Pinsan niya si Kuyasu

EPISODYO
EPISODE 1:THE KILLING OF MORO DATU

EPISODE 2:THE BATTLE WITH THE MOROS

EPISODE 3:AGYU LEADS HIS PEOPLE TO ANOTHER COUNTRY

EPISODE 4:AGYU AND HIS PEOPLE RETURN TO AYUMAN

EPISODE 5:THE INVASION OF AGYU’S LAND AND THE

PROWESS OF AGYU’S YOUNGEST SON

EPISODE 6:AGYU’S SON SAVES THE VILLAGE OF BAKLAYON

FROM INVADERS AND GETS ANOTHER MARRIAGE
PROPOSAL; THIS TIME THE MAIDEN IS PERSISTENT,
ACCOMPANIES HIM TO HIS HOME AND FINALLY SUCCEED IN
MARRYING HIM

EPISODE 7:AGYU’S LAND IS INVADED BUT TANAGYAW

SUCCESSFULLY REPULSES THE INVADERS; TANAGYAW
SETTLES SUNGLAWON WITH HIS WIFE
Anda ng Epiko ayon kay
Damiana Eugenio
1. Ang pag-alis o paglisan ng pangunahing tauhan sa
sariling tahanan.
2. Pagtataglay ng agimat o anting-anting ng
pangunahing tauhan
3. Ang paghahanap ng pangunahing tauhan sa isang
minamahal.
4. Pakikipaglaban ng pangunahing tauhan
5. Patuloy na pakikidigma ng bayani
6. Mamamagitan ang isang bathala para matigil ang
labanan
7. Ang pagbubunyag ng bathala na ang naglalaban
ay magkadugo
8. Pagkamatay ng bayani
9. Pagkabuhay na muli ng bayani
10.Pagbabalik ng bayani sa sariling bayan.
11.Pag-aasawa ng bayani
 SUPERNATURAL
• Superheroic deeds
• Belief that people can be gold
• Believing that someone could live in
heaven
• A small pig can be distributed by
thousand people
• Super strength of a boy
• Fighting hundred or thousands of
enemies
• Fight on every land that need savings
AGYU EPIKO NG
ILIANON
ISANG
PAGSUSURI AT
REAKSYON
AGYU
• naglalarawan sa katangian ng pre colonial warfare sa timog
Silangang Asya.

• Ang Agyu ay isang epiko na naglalaman ng maaaksyong

pangyayari ng ang digmaan ang itinututring bilang pinaka
sentrong tema.

• I divided the epic into four cycles, each one defined by a pitched
battle between two armies.

• In each cycle, there are variations to the battle, but each ends in
victory for the protagonists.
Unang cycle
• features the Manobo’s war with the only foes that they chose to
call by name: the Mahindanaw. This does indeed refer to the
Maguindanao who are also from the Cotabato area.

• The other enemies of the Ilianon are nameless.

• More interestingly is the use of the word “Moro” (the

Spanish/Filipino term for Muslim) by the translator, E. Arsenio
Manuel (anthropologist who produced several seminal works on
Manobo folklore). Lines 9-12 of the epic are:

he incurred a debt
articles taken from the Moros
goods bought from the Mahindanaw
• The Ilianon text uses the word andukon rather than Moro,
however (e.g. “datuon ta andukon” translated as “the Moro
chieftain”).

• The epic’s depiction of the war between the Ilianon and their
enemies has many parallels to Anthony Reid’s analysis of pre-
colonial/age of contact warfare in Southeast Asia.

• The most important idea of his analysis is that warfare centered

on the concept of manpower/population being a more important
resource than land/territory.

• The perception was that people were scarce while land was
abundant. Thus the objectives and conduct of warfare in SEA
revolved around this perception
• In the epic, we see that the Ilianon were in debt to the
Mahindanaw, and it was the Ilianon inability to pay the tribute that
led to war. Here we see how the Mahindanaw try to dominate
other groups – not by occupation of land but by extracting tribute
– resources – from the other groups.

• The vastness of the land and the inability for any one group to
simply conquer all of it (due to a lack of manpower) facilitates this
system of debt-bondage. When war is finally inevitable, what
does Agyu, the leader of the Ilianon (Agyu is never referred to by
this name in the epic; it is taboo) finally do? He doesn’t stand and
fight, but leads his people out of their homeland (lines 68-71, 74-
77):

we should get away immediately

we should evacuate soon
start to leave now
leave in haste
…
They aimed to reach
continued trekking
up to the Ilian Mountain
on top of Mount Mabpung
• This should not be confused with the Moros forcing them out of
their home.

• They chose to abandon their homes because it was a legitimate

strategy.

• Again consider the perception that population is scarce and

territory is abundant.

• Because there is so much land available and human losses are

difficult to deal with, it makes more sense to move somewhere
else rather than risk losing people.

• This is what the Ilianon did. Eventually, though, they would have
to fight.