C5-Co Cau Nang

KYÕ THUAÄT NAÂNG –VAÄN
CHUYEÅN
CHÖÔNG 5
CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG
(MOTIVE POWER OF HOISTING
MACHINERY)
Chapter 5 1
1. DAÃN ÑOÄNG MAÙY TRUÏC
( motive power of hoisting machinery)
Daãn ñoäng maùy truïc
Daãn ñoäng tay Daãn ñoäng maùy
Ñoäng cô ñieän Ñoäng cô ñoát trong Ñoäng cô thuûy löïc

Ñoäng cô khí neùn
Ñoäng cô moät chieàu Ñoäng cô xaêng
Ñoäng cô xoay chieàu Ñoäng cô diezen
Chapter 5 2
1. DAÃN ÑOÄNG MAÙY TRUÏC(tt)
a) Ñoäng cô ñieän (The electric
drive)
 Ñoäng cô ñieän 1 chieàu (a):

kích thích song song , noái
tieáp, hoãn hôïp
=> coù khaû naêng ñieàu
khieån cao nhöng giaù thaønh
lôùn.
(D.c motor are provided in three
standard types by the way they
are excited. These are the series
motor, shunt motor, and
compound motor)
Chapter 5 3
1. DAÃN ÑOÄNG MAÙY TRUÏC (tt)
a) Ñoäng cô ñieän (The electric
drive)
 Ñoäng cô ñieän xoay chieàu (b): coù kích thöôùc goïn, giaù thaønh
thaáp.
 Loàng soùc: môû maùy baèng noái sao, tam giaùc (reû hôn) (5).
 Daây cuoán: môû maùy baèng ñieän trôû phu (4)ï.
(Distinction is made between squirrel-cage (5) and wound- rotor a.c.
(4) crane motor
-The fact that the speed- torque characteristic of the squirrel- case
motor is flat as that as of the shunt motor in handling rated loads
indicated that the speed changes but little with load. Squirrel- case
motors are the most reliable and inexpensive a.c prime mover.
-Wound motors are somewhat heavier and larger than squirrel- case
ones. At the same time, the losses of energy in windings during the
transient periods are smaller in the former than in later)
Chapter 5 4
b) Ñoäng cô ñoát trong
( internal combustion device)
 Ñoäng cô xaêng (petrol engine)

 Ñoäng cô ñiezen. (diezel engine)
=> Maùy coù phaïm vi hoaït ñoäng lôùn.
Chapter 5 5
c) Ñoäng cô thuûy löïc
( The hydraulic device)
 Cho pheùp thay ñoåi taàn soá deã daøng;Cho coâng suaát lôùn
vôùi kích thöôùc nhoû; Laøm vieäc eâm
Hydraulic derive providing motive power for various on hoisting installations are being
increasingly used nowadays due to the following advantages:
1. Perfect overload-absorbing potentiality permitting the transmission of high torques
by drive of comparatively small size and low mass.
2. Stepless speed control over a wide range
3. Possibility of a gradual reversing along with frequent and quick speed changes.
4. Automatic safeguarding of the machine and hydraulic drive against overloading.
5. Remote control of the machine, automation and mechanization of the process by
simple means.
6. Low moment of inertia of rotating mechanical components in spite of high rates of
acceleration and retardation
7. Possibility of feeding energy to more than one motion simultaneously
8. Stable performance irrespectively of speed.Chapter 5 6
9. High resistance of constituent component wear
2. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG
TAY
(hand drive hoisting mechanism)
 Goàm hai loaïi.

 Ñaët treân maët ñaát: tay quay.
Chapter 5 7
2. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG
BAÈNG TAY
 Ñaët treân cao: ñóa
xích vaø xích keùo.
Chapter 5 8
BAÈNG TAY
Chapter 5 9
BAÈNG TAY(tt)
The hoisting mechanism consist of a drum spooling a

rope suspended from which a load which a weigh Gload,, a gear
reduction which an aggregate speed ratio i, and a means of
actuating the drive in the form of a lever or operating sheave
to which a form P is applied
-Let the radius of the lever or that of operating sheave be l
and the form exerted by a laborer P. then torque applied is M lab   .P.l .m
Where m is the number of laborers and  is a factor
allowing for a non-uniform application of m 1 2 3-4
the force when more than one laborer  1 0,8 0,7
When the drive is used on the traveling motion the resistance
moment on the track wheel axle is Q.D
M tg 
Chapter 5 2.a 10
BAÈNG TAY
 The speed ratio of the gear train between the input and
output shafts of the mechanism can be determined from
M tg
i
M lab .
Where  is the efficiency of the gear train
 Ñaëc ñieåm tính toaùn thieát keá:

Thieát keá boä truyeàn cho pheùp naâng vaät vôùi löïc tay quay
ñaõ xaùc ñònh ( tính tæ soá truyeàn theo ñieàu kieän löïc )
Chapter 5 11
TAY
 Caùch tính tôøi quay tay:
Cho : Q, M
Tính : boä truyeàn.
1. Choïn (caùp) loaïi daây: caùp, xích .
2. Sô ñoà maéc caùp => palaêng , a.
3. Smax -> Sñöùt.
4. Tính vaø choïn daây.
5. Tính caùc chi tieát.
6. Mtg ?
7. Mp ?
8. i ? => hoäp giaûm toác.
9. Phanh (Mf ≥ k.Mx ).
Chapter 5 12
TAY
Chapter 5 13
BAÈNG ÑIEÄN ( electrically- driven
hoisting mechanism)
a. Sô ñoà cô caáu.
Ñaëc ñieåm caáu taïo:
1. Hoäp giaûm toác
2. Phanh Schematic
3. Khôùp noái diagram of an
4. Ñoäng cô electrically-
Tang
5.
driven hoisting
mechanism
•-In use are number of typical arrangements for

connecting the hoisting drum with the reducer
Chapter 5 14
hoisting mechanism)
 Sô ñoà noái ñaàu tang vôùi
hoäp giaûm toác:
a. Khôùp raêng daøi: cho pheùp leäch
truïc, deã laép, kích thöôùc lôùn.
- The hoisting drum independently supported by two bearing is

connected to the reducer through a coupling. Since the drum bearings are
independent of the reducer housing, a shaft misalignment is likely to
occur during assembly. The possible misalignment can be corrected by
using a coupling of the adequate type, e.g, the tooth coupling tolerating
considerable shaft misalignment
Chapter 5 15
hoisting mechanism)
 Sô ñoà noái ñaàu tang vôùi hoäp giaûm
toác:
b. Truïc 2 oå ñôõ: kích thöôùc nhoû, naëng=>
khoâng cho pheùp laép rieâng => ít duøng.
More compact are the drives in which two or three bearing are use
support the hoisting drum shaft which function as the reducer output
shaft at the same time
-Unfortunately, a two bearing shaft is rather heavy and, further
more, any inaccuracy in positioning a shaft bearing interferes with the
meshing of reduction gears
Chapter 5 16
hoisting mechanism)
 Sô ñoà noái ñaàu tang vôùi hoäp giaûm

toác:
c. Truïc 3 oå ñôõ: ñoøi hoûi laép raùp chính xaùc
=> khoâng cho pheùp laép rieâng => ít duøng.
-A triple- supported shaft is even more vulnerable to such

inaccuracies.
-In either case the reducer cannot be fitted and run in separately
from the drum, preventing thus the use of standard parts. Consequently,
the two arrangements have failed to spread
Chapter 5 17
hoisting mechanism)
 Sô ñoà noái ñaàu tang vôùi hoäp giaûm toác:

d. Baùnh raêng hôû laép treân truïc tang.
e. Baùnh raêng hôû laép treân vaønh tang: chæ uoán.
=> duøng trong quay tay.
In some arrangements the torque is to the

drum through an unguarded single gear train. The
gear is secured either to the drum shaft (d) or to
drum directly (e), then shaft is subject to a bending
load only
Chapter 5 18
hoisting mechanism)
 Sô ñoà noái ñaàu tang vôùi
hoäp giaûm toác:
f. OÅ töïa truïc tang ñaët vaøo ñaàu ra
hoäp giaûm toác => kích thöôùc goïn
=> laø phöông aùn hôïp lyù nhaát.
Promising is an arrangement where one of the drum shaft bearing

is located inside the reducer output shaft extension (f). It is compact,
provides for designing the shafts as statically determinate, and enables
the use of standard unit
Chapter 5 19
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN
ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(tt)
Chapter 5 20
hoisting mechanism)
Chapter 5 21
hoisting mechanism)
Chapter 5 22
hoisting mechanism)
Chapter 5 23
hoisting mechanism)
 Löu yù caùc thoâng soá tính toaùn trong cô caáu

naâng.
 Coâng suaát ñoäng cô: N 1  Q.Vn ( kw )
102.
=> N=KW
Q : kg; V : m/ph
Nñc ≥ N1 + CÑ% cho tröôùc => Nñc , nñc , CÑ%.

 Tæ soá truyeàn:
ndc  .D1g
i  nñc .
ntg a.v n
a.vn v1 g
ntg  
 .D1 g  .D1 g
Chapter 5 24
hoisting mechanism)
 Trình töï tính toaùn cô caáu naâng dao ñoäng baèng

ñieän.
Cho : Q, H, Vn , CD%. n
i  dc
ntg
Tính : ñaëc ñieåm laø ñaûm baûo vaän toác
=> trình töï:
 Böôùc 1  böôùc 5: gioáng vôùi caùc böôùc tính toùan cô caáu
naâng daãn ñoäng baèng tayQ.Vn ( kw )
Nr 
 Böôùc 6 : Ñoäng cô: 102. => Nñc
Vôùi: Q (kg) ; v (m/ph) ; CD%
ndc
i
 Böôùc 7 : Hoäp giaûm toác ntg
M f  M f .k
t
 Böôùc 8 : Phanh
Chapter 5 25
hoisting mechanism)
 Quùa trình môû maùy trong cô caáu naâng.

M m   M t  M d   M t  M d1  M d 2
( ) : Naâng(-) : Haï
Q.Dtg
Mt 
2.a.i.
Q vn
* Môûmaùy Q phu ï  Q phu  m. j  .
g 60.t m
Q phu .Dtg
M d1 
2.a .i. vtg .Dtg .ntg 
vn     .Dtg .ndc
Q.Dtg2 .n dc a a
M d1    vn 
375.a 2 .i 2 .t m . n  a .i
ntg  dc
Dtg (m) ; n ñc (voøng/gia
ây); t m (giaây) i 
Chapter 5 26
hoisting mechanism)
M d 2  M 1  M 2 / 1  M 3 / 1  ....
M 1   M i   J i i 
 ( G .D
i i
2
)I  i
4.g tm
 i 2 .ndc
vôùiJ i  mi  i
2
vaø  1  
tm 60.t m
Mi 
 (G .D
i
2
) .ndc
i I
375.t m
M d 2  k .M 1  (1,1  1,2).
 i i ) I .ndc
(G .D 2
375.t m
Chapter 5 27
hoisting mechanism)
 Quaù trình phanh trong cô caáu naâng.
 Quaù trình phanh vaät ñang haï töông öùng ngöôïc laïi
vôùi quaù trình môû maùy khi naâng.
 Môû maùy taïo gia toác töông ñöông trong quaù trình
phanh taïo gia toác aâm.
 Hieäu suaát maát maùt  => tham gia quaù trình phanh
=> laøm Mf  =>  ôû töû soá.
Chapter 5 28
 Vaäy:
M f   M * t  M d*   M t*  M d*1  M d*2
( ) : Khi haïvaät(-) : Khi naângvaät
Q . D. M *

Q .D 2
.ndc .
M *
 k.
 ( G .D
i i
ì
)I .ndc
Mt 
*
d1 dc
2.a.i 375.a 2 .i 2 .t p 375.t p
 Chuù yù:
Coâng thöùc vieát cho tröôøng hôïp phanh ñaët taïi truïc I
( ñoäng cô ), neáu phanh ñaët ôû truïc khaùc thì phaûi
thay trò soá töông öùng vaøo choå cuûa nñc vaø i.
Chapter 5 29
Chapter 5 30
hoisting mechanism)
Chapter 5 31
hoisting mechanism)
Chapter 5 32
hoisting mechanism)
Chapter 5 33
Chapter 5 34
 ANY QUESTIONS ?
 ………..
 THANK YOU
Chapter 5 35

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KYÕ THUAÄT NAÂNG –VAÄN

Daãn ñoäng maùy truïc

Daãn ñoäng tay Daãn ñoäng maùy

Ñoäng cô ñieän Ñoäng cô ñoát trong Ñoäng cô thuûy löïc

Ñoäng cô moät chieàu Ñoäng cô xaêng

Ñoäng cô xoay chieàu Ñoäng cô diezen

 Ñoäng cô ñieän 1 chieàu (a):

 Ñoäng cô xaêng (petrol engine)

 Goàm hai loaïi.

The hoisting mechanism consist of a drum spooling a

 Ñaëc ñieåm tính toaùn thieát keá:

•-In use are number of typical arrangements for

- The hoisting drum independently supported by two bearing is

 Sô ñoà noái ñaàu tang vôùi hoäp giaûm

-A triple- supported shaft is even more vulnerable to such

 Sô ñoà noái ñaàu tang vôùi hoäp giaûm toác:

In some arrangements the torque is to the

Promising is an arrangement where one of the drum shaft bearing

 Löu yù caùc thoâng soá tính toaùn trong cô caáu

Nñc ≥ N1 + CÑ% cho tröôùc => Nñc , nñc , CÑ%.

 Trình töï tính toaùn cô caáu naâng dao ñoäng baèng

 Quùa trình môû maùy trong cô caáu naâng.

 Quaù trình phanh trong cô caáu naâng.

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