Cell Structures, Functions and

Transport
ALWAYS REMEMBER!!!

Pro = No!
Eu = Do!
 Animal Cell
Cytoplasm

Nucleolus Ribosomes
Nucleus Cell Membrane
Mitochondria

Rough Endoplasmic Smooth Endoplasmic

Reticulum Reticulum

Golgi Bodies
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
Cell Membrane
 Nickname: “The Screen Door”
 Function:
 Hold and protect the cell
 Control the movement of materials into and
out of the cell
 Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function

Nucleus
 Nickname: “The Control Center”
 Function: Holds the DNA
 Parts:
1. Nucleolus: dark
spot in the middle
of the nucleus that
helps make
ribosomes
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
 DNA
 Nickname: “The Info”
 Function
 hereditary material that is passed on to
you from your parents and is kept safe
inside the Nucleus
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
Cytoplasm
 Nickname: “Jell-O”
 Function: A watery, gel-like material in
which cell parts move
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
Vesicle
 Nickname: “The Bag”
 Function:
 Small membrane-enclosed sack that can store
or transport substances
 Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
Ribosomes
 Nickname: “The Factory”
 Function: makes proteins
 Made in Nucleolus
 Found in all cells
 NOT membrane bound
 Smallest & most abundant
organelle in the cell
 Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
 Nickname: “The Highway”
 Function: The internal delivery system of
the cell
 There are 2
types: Rough &
Smooth
 Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
Golgi Bodies (Golgi Complex)
 Nickname: “The Post Office”
 Function: packages and transports
materials to different location
inside/outside of the cell
 Appearance: stack of pancakes
 Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
Lysosomes: circular shape but larger
than ribosomes
 Nickname: “The Trash Man”
 Function: to break down food into
particles the rest of the cell can use and
to destroy old cells
 Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
Mitochondria
 Nickname: “The Powerhouse”
 Function: Breaks down food molecules to
release energy for the cells
 Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Section 7-2
Plant Cell
Vacuole

Chloroplasts

Cell Membrane

Cell Wall

Go to
Section:
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
 Cell Wall
 Nickname: “The Fence”
 Function
 Tough, rigid structure found outside of cell
membrane that provide support for plants and
fungi
 Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
Chloroplasts
 Nickname: “The Hulk”
 Function:
 traps energy from the sun to produce food
for the plant cell
 Green in color because of chlorophyll, which is
a green pigment
 Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
Vacuoles
 Nickname: “The Water Tower”
 Function: stores water & give support
 This is what makes lettuce crisp
 When there is no water, the plant wilts
 They are also found in animal cells, but are
smaller
 Plant Cell
Cytoplasm
Vacuole Smooth ER
Ribosomes
Chloroplasts

Cell Membrane

Cell Wall

Nucleolus
Golgi Bodies
Nucleus

Mitochondria
Rough ER
PROKARYOTIC CELLS
Bacteria Cell
Only in Prokaryotic Cells
Gelatin-Like Capsule:
 Nick Name: “The Armor”
 Function: outer covering protects the cell
when it is eaten by other organisms
 Allows Bacteria to survive and be dormant for
many years until the conditions are right
Only in Prokaryotic Cells
Flagellum:
 Nickname: “The tail”
 Function:
 Helps the cell move
 Used as a sensory organ