Bio-Diesel from JATROPHA

G.S.VISHWANTH

2GI07ME023
 What is Bio-Diesel?
• Biodiesel refers to a vegetable oil or animal fat-based diesel
fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl (methyl, propyl or ethyl)
esters.

• Bio Diesel is a renewable domestically produced liquid fuel

that can help reduce the country’s dependence on foreign oil
imports.
 WHY JATROPHA?
• Requires low water and fertilizer for
cultivation.
• It is not grazed by cattle or sheep.
• It is pest resistant
• It has high seed yield and oil content.
• Produces high protein manure.
 JATROPHA PROCESSING

• Where It Grows – Very adoptable to all kinds

of soil even on depleted lands
• Climate Needs – Tropical Regions
• How it is Harvested – Handpicked
• How it is Planted – Transplanting method or
By Seeds
• Time Scale – 15 months for the 1st harvest,
plant’s Lifespan is 40 years
JATROPHA LIFE CYCLE
 OBTAINING JATROPHA OIL
• Seeds are crushed to improve oil extraction.
• For example crushed seeds are placed in a plunger
which is then placed in a hydraulic press.

• Oil starts appearing at 1000psi.

• Vacuum filter is used to filter the oil.

 MANUFACTURING BIO-DIESEL
• Reaction raw materials :
» Jatropha Oil
» Methanol (CH3OH) 99%+ pure
» Potassium hydroxide (must be dry)
• Materials for Titration :
» Isopropyl alcohol 99%+ pure
» Distilled water
» Phenolphthalein solution
• Materials for Washing :
» Vinegar
» Water
 MANUFACTURING BIO-DIESEL
• Jatropha oil is filtered to remove any solid particles.

• Jatropha oil is then heated to remove any water content.

• Titration is done to determine how much catalyst is needed.

• Exact quantity of Potassium Hydroxide is then thoroughly mixed in Methanol till it

dissolves completely to get potassium methoxide.

• Jatropha oil is heated if required (during winter), and mixed in the potassium methoxide
while the agitator is running.

• It is then allowed to settle and glycerin is removed from bottom.

• Biodiesel fraction is then washed and dried.

• It is then checked for quality

 MANUFACTURING BIO-DIESEL
Reaction
CH2-O-COR CH2-OH
| KOH |
CH-O-COR + 3R’OH 3RCOOR’ + CH-OH
| |
CH2-O-CO-R CH2-OH

(100 kg) (10.55 kg) (.1 kg) (100 kg) (10.55 kg)
Oil Alcohol KOH Bio Diesel Glycerin

In trans-esterification, KOH and methanol are mixed to create potassium methoxide.

When mixed in with the oil this strong polar-bonded chemical breaks the trans-fatty acid
into glycerin and ester chains (biodiesel), along with some soap if you are not careful.
Bio diesel Process Flow Diagram
 ADVANTAGES OF BIO-DIESEL
• Bio Diesel is the most valuable form of renewable energy that can be used
directly in any existing, unmodified diesel engine.

• Bio Diesel is environmental friendly and ideal for heavily polluted cities.

• Bio Diesel is as biodegradable as salt

• Bio Diesel produces 80% less carbon dioxide and 100% less sulfur dioxide
emissions. It provides a 90% reduction in cancer risks.

• Bio Diesel extends the life of diesel engines

• Bio Diesel is cheaper then mineral oil diesel

• Bio Diesel helps in conserving natural resources.