ON THE

ORIGIN OF
THE
UNIVERSE
MR. MARK GIL
LOZANTA
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
1. STATE THE DIFFERENT
THEORIES THAT EXPLAIN
THE ORIGIN OF THE
UNIVERSE
•Humans use religion,
traditions, philosophy and
science to describe it’s origin
and structure.
It was challenged by
Scientific Method
•Genesis
-book of Hebrew and
Christian Old Testament,
describe how God separated
light from darkness.
Christian Old Testament
describes how God created the
sky, land, sea ,moon, stars and
every living creatures in a span
of six days.
Hindu text RIGVEDA
describes the universe as an
oscillating universe on which a
“cosmic egg” or
BRAHMANDA containing the
whole universe.
The sun, moon, planets and
space expanded out from a
single concentrated point
called BINDU and will
eventually collapse again.
From the 5 century to 3 century BCE
th rd

ANAXAGORAS-believes in a primordial
universe, explained that the original state
of cosmos was a primordial of all its
ingredients that existed in a infinitesimally
small fragments of themselves.
LEUCIPUS and
DEMOCRITUS
Believes in a Atomic Universe
-universe was composed of
very small, indivisible and
indestructible atoms
Greek Philosophers
ARISTOTLE and PTOLEMY
proposed a GEOCENTRIC
universe, where Earth stayed
motionless in the heaven and
everything was revolving on it
 Geo Centric

As
Earth Center
•In 1543, NICOLAUS
COPERNICUS contradicts
geocentric view into his theory
of HELIOCENTRISM
 Helio Centric

As
Sun Center
•In 1687, Sir ISAAC NEWTON
described universe as a STATIC,
STEADY STATE, INFINITE
UNIVERSE
“Universe is gravitationally balanced but
essentially unstable”
•French philosopher RENE
DESCARTES outlined a Cartesian
Vortex model of the universe having
the characteristics of Newton’s
static universe.
•ALBERT EINSTEIN
•Same model with Newton which was
neither EXPANDING nor
CONTRACTING.
•Added cosmological constant that will
cause the universe to collapse
•This assumption was later
abandoned by Newton when
EDWIN HUBBLE, American
astronomer showed that the universe
was NOT STATIC.
•MODERN THEORIES
•STEADY STATE THEORY
•INFLATIONARY
UNIVERESE =(exponential
cosmic inflation)
 LET’S
GENERALIZE
 GENESIS RIGVEDA ANAXAGORAS

ARISTOTLE
LEUCIPPUS &
1687 &
DEMOCRITUS
PTOLEMY
1543 NICOLAUS
SIR RENE COPERNICUS
ISAAC DESCARTES

NEWTON ALBERT
EINSTEIN EDWIN HUBBLE
•MODERN THEORIES
•STEADY STATE THEORY
•INFLATIONARY
UNIVERESE =(exponential
cosmic inflation)