PLANNING OF ELECTRICAL

INSTALLATION

MOHAMMAD AJMAL NAYAB

Planning Of Electrical Installation involve consideration of all
prevailing condition and usually guided by requirement of
consumer

A competent Electrical Engineer should take responsibility of

detailed designing and planning to meet the requirement of
various functional need efficiency economy energy conservation
aesthetics appropriate functional technology safety and avoidance
of possible fire hazards
Some Of The Guiding Factors Are
Adverse condition like humidity high low ambient temperature
pollution heat dust flame that are likely to affect the installation

Need to provide related space /conduits /channel/cable /wire for

services: communication cable ,computer cable ,fire Alarm
cabling , UPS cabling CCTV/security System cables etc.
Providing an efficient power distribution system to meet the
various power requirement of equipment like
• Computers
• AC
• Pumps
• Lifts
• Ventilation Plant
• AC Plant
Stand By Systems
Whenever reliable supply is intended it is essential to plan for
stand by system
• Incoming supply from two sources
• Minimum two supply transformer
Planning for Peak And non Peak Load
In a Typical office building peak load is between10AM to
5PM.Holidays and after office Hours load is 5% of peak load
.For such period smaller capacity of transformer may be planned
to avoid losses
Quality of Electric supply depends upon following Parameters
 Voltage
 Frequency
 Absence of harmful harmonics
 Protection Against Surge /Lighting
Modern building use large number of Electro mechanical
,Electronics Devices ,For their proper operation And Protection
Based on specific need suitable additional equipment like Voltage
Corrector, Filters, Surge Protectors, UPS ,may be provided as an
integral part of electrical power system
• Standby generator set
In case of mains failure it is necessary to provide generator set to
meet the requirement of essential power supply so that normal
working of offices and other institution don’t suffer
Essential power load are as below
Residential
 Water supply Pumps
 Lifts
 Fire Protection
 Street Lighting
Power Factor Management
• Lower power factor results higher current resulting
higher voltage drop and system losses
• In order to have control over these parameter power
factor 0.95 lag to be maintained power consumer
• Effect of Leading Power Factor increase hysteresis and
eddy current loss
• APFC panels should be provided to control power
factor automatically at desired level
 UPS
 To meet the requirement of no break power supply for
requirement like computer , communication , security /life
safety need it may be necessary to provide centralized
/decentralized UPS system

 In centralized UPS system there will be third distribution

system (besides essential and non essential distribution
system) consisting of battery room ,UPS system, UPS LT
panel UPS rising main,
 ALLIED SERVICES

Modern building besides electrical wiring has to provide

following services
 Telephone Wiring
 Communication cabling
 Computer cabling /Networking
 Audio/video visual system
 Security system
 BMS
ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION &
WIRING
 LIGHTING DESIGN

INTERIOR LIGHTING

Proper lighting level is to be maintained. NBC 2005 Specifies lux

level required for various application. Lower lux level reduce
efficiency of working.

Aged person require higher lux level. For normal office working a
middle aged man require 350 lux. A person of 55 to 60 years of
age require 500 lux

Proper designing is required for achieving satisfactory lux level in

conformity of NBC 2005
LIGHTING POWER DENSITY

Lighting power density is the ratio of the total lighting load of a

space to total lit space area
FALSE CEILING COORDINATION
False ceiling electrical layout will be coordinated with architect and
civil engineer so that reflected drawing provides for symmetrical and
aesthetic layout of the following

Fans
Light fitting
A/C diffuser
Fire Detector
Sprinkler
Speaker
Electrical power will be received and distributed by
following means

 Rising Main is used to distribute power vertically /horizontally

 Power flows from rising main through Tap-off box to floor
Main board to final DB then to wiring
 Dedicated circuit for different load such as Lighting ,HVAC,
Power Plug shall be provided where ever Possible
 Rising Main which take care of General lighting and power
load of the Building should have independent cable for lighting
and power
 Load like Lifts ,Water Pumps And other Motor load is fed by
independent cables of suitable capacity fed from suitably
designed LT panel with suitable designed switchgear having
necessary control and safety feature
Submain Wiring shall mean the wiring from one
main/distribution switch board to another main/distribution
switch board

Circuit Wiring shall mean the wiring from distribution board to

first tapping point inside the switch box from where point wiring
starts
Point Wiring shall include all work necessary in complete wiring
in following outlets from controlling switch or MCB
 Ceiling rose or connector (in the case of points of
ceiling/exhaust fans ,prewired light fitting and call bell

Note- Conduit carrying sub-main will not carry circuit/point

wiring and vice versa .
 Capacity of circuit

 Lighting circuit shall feed light /fan/call bell point. Each

circuit should not have more than 800w connected load or
more than 10 points which ever is less, however in case of
LED where load point may be less number of points may be
suitably increased.
Each Power Circuit in Residential Building feeds the following outlets
 Not more than 2 No,16A outlets

 Load more than 1kw shall be controlled by suitably rated MCB and cable
size shall be decided as per calculation
Cables

 Copper conductor should only be used in submain/circuit/point wiring

 Minimum size of wiring : 1.5 sq.mm
 Power Wiring : 4 sq.mm