YOGANANDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 

                     ( An undertaking of Tawi Educational Trust)
         Gurha Brahmana Patoli , Akhnoor Road , Jammu- 181205(J&K)

   Submitted By:      Junaid Yousuf (12)

                                    7th Sem
                                    Electrical 
 Contents

Main Equipments of Substation.

Introduction.

Single Line Diagram.

Transformer.

Wave Trap.

Lightening Arrester.

Isolators.

Circuit Breaker.

Control Panel

Relay.
MAIN EQUIPMENTS OF SUBSTATION

 Transformer Substation Bus

 Switches.
 Bus Support Insulator
 Switch Gear.
 Circuit Breaker
 Wave Trapper.
 Lightning Arrestor.
 Potential Transformer.
 Current Transformer.
 Capacitor Banks.
132/33KV ,140MVA GRID SUBSTATION RAWALPORA SRINAGAR.
 INTRODUCTION
Grid Sub-Station RAWALPORA is situated at a distance of about 5 kmsfrom
SRINAGAR via SANANTNAGAR road. The Grid Sub-Station is fed by
132KV double circuit Pampore and 132KV double circuit
Bemina.The Grid Station has five power transformers besides that it has six
commissioned 33KV outgoing feeders namely RAWALPORA,
BAGHIMEHTAB, AIRFORCE, RANGRETH, CHANAPORA, and
SILKFACTORY.

• LOCATION :- OLD AIRPORT ROAD SANATNAGAR CROSSING.

• TPYE :- OUTDOOR GRID STATION .
• INCOMING LINE VOLTAGE :- 132 KV
• OUTGOING FEEDAR VOLTAGE :- 33 KV
SUB-STATION
 Single Line Diagram
 TRANSFORMER
A transformer is an electrical device
that transfers electrical energy between
two or more circuits through
electromagnetic induction.

Transformers are used to increase or

decrease the alternating voltages in
electric power applications.

A transformer is a static machineused

for transforming power from one circuit
to another without changing frequency
Current Transformer :- A current transformer (CT) is a series
connected measurement device designed to provide a current in its
secondary coil proportional to the current flowing in its primary.
Current transformers are commonly used in metering and protective
relays in the electrical power industry.

Potential Transformer :- Voltage transformers (VT) (also called

potential transformers (PT)) are a parallel connected type of
instrument transformer, used for metering and protection in high-
voltage circuits or phasor phase shift isolation. They are designed to
present negligible load to the supply being measured and to have an
accurate voltage ratio to enable accurate metering.
 WAVE TRAP

The main use of this line trap is to prevent the flow of carrier signal towards
substation and at the same time offers negligible impedance to the power
frequency current. The line traps are connected in series with the high voltage
lines on the station side. It should be inserted between bus bar and connection of
CVT to the line.
 Lightening Arrester
Surge arrester is the first equipment
in the
switchyard. This equipment is
designed to
protect all other equipments in the
switchyard from high voltage surges
or nlightning surges. It is always
connected between phase conductor
to earth. Surge arrester commonly
using
in EHV system are gapless zinc oxide

arrester.
 ISOLATORS

Isolators are disconnecting switches which are used for disconnecting of the
circuit under no load conditions. They are installed in such a way that a part
of substation circuit can be isolators from other live parts for the purpose of
maintenance. Isolators play a important role in maintenance of a substation
 CIRCUIT BREAKER
Circuit breakers are switching and current interrupting
devices, basically a circuit breaker comprises a set
of fixed and movable contacts. The contact can be
separated by means of an operating mechanism.
The separation of current carrying contacts produces
an arc.
The arc is extinguished by a suitable medium such as
dielectric oil, vacuum, SF6gas. The circuit breakers
are necessary at every switching point in the substation.
 CONTROL PANEL
 Control panel is most important equipment of
the substation as it work as shield guard for all
substation equipments and electrical network.
Moreover, these panels are useful to control the
flow of electricity as per the Voltage class and
detect the faults in transmission lines.
 In this panel, varieties of numerical &
electromechanical relays are installed to provide
damage protection to equipments. Meters,
Semaphore indicators, Control Switches,
Indicating lamps, Push Buttons, Annunciator, Test
Blocks and Test Plugs are among of major
equipments installed as per designing
requirements.
 Relays
A relay is automatic device which senses an
abnormal condition of electrical circuit and
closes its contacts. These contacts in turns close and
complete the circuit breaker trip coil
circuit hence make the circuit breaker tripped for
disconnecting the faulty portion of the
electrical circuit from rest of the healthy circuit.

RELAYS TYPES : There are four types of

relays
 Overcurrent Relay
 Differential Relay
 Directional Relay
 Distance Relay
Thank you