FRACTION

S
TCHNILJURX-2017
MEANING AND USES
OF FRACTIONS
 OBJECTIVES:
•Tell when a fractions are used to describe physical
situations.
•Identify similar and dissimilar fractions and fractions in
lowest terms.
•Reduce a given fraction to lowest terms, if necessary.
 Planet Earth when
viewed from outer
space is blue. Scientist
say this blue color
comes from the oceans
estimated to be covering
7/10 of earth.
Think of a best illustration on
ow you are going to present t
ractional components of plan
Earth!!!
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

0 1

Fractions name points on the number line

 REMEMBER

A FRACTION IS IN LOWEST
TERM WHEN THE ONLY
COMMON FACTOR OF THE
NUMERATOR AND
DENOMINATOR IS 1
 PRACTICE
Reduce each fraction to lowest terms.
1. 4/6 2/3
2. 10/15 2/3
3. 16/24 2/3
4. 36/48 3/4
5. 64/90 32/45
 ANSWER EACH QUESTION USING
FRACTION.
1. What fraction of an hour is 25 minutes? 5/12
2. What fraction of a meter is 30 centimeters?
3/10
3. What fraction of a kilogram is 240 grams?
4. What fraction of a day is 3 hours?
1/8 6/25
5. What fraction of a year is 9 months?
3/4
 FILL IN EACH LINE WITH THE
CORRECT ANSWER.
1.½ of 14 7
_____________
16
2.2/3 of 24 _____________
24
3.4/5 of 30 _____________
21
4.3/7 of 49 _____________
20
5.5/12 of 48 _____________
 CHALLENGE QUESTION

During the Christmas break, Alice read 2/9

of a book on Monday, 1/3 of it on Tuesday
and the rest 160 pages on Wednesday. How
many pages were there in the book

Hint: You can use the Block Model Approach to answer)

 CHALLENGE QUESTION

There are 84 red, blue and white balls in a

box. If 1/3 of the balls are red, 5 more than
¼ of the remainder are blue and the rest are
white, how many of each color are there?

Hint: You can use the Block Model Approach to answer)

EQUAL FR A C T IO NS
TCHNILJURX2017
OBJECTIVES

•EXPLAIN HOW TO OBTAIN A FRACTION EQUAL TO A

GIVEN FRACTION.
•GIVEN TWO FRACTIONS, DETERMINE IF THEY ARE EQUAL.
•SOLVE PROBLEMS INVOLVING FRACTIONS.
Compare and contrast the following figures:
 Samantha collects red and black
ballpens. What fraction describes
the set of red ballpens? Black ballpens?
 a. 6 out of 9 ballpens are red
or 2 out of 3 ballpens are red

b. 3 out of 9 ballpens are black

or 1 out of 3 are black ballpens.
HOW DO WE FIND OUT IF ONE FRACTION EQUALS
ANOTHER?

1. WE CAN REDUCE ONE OR BOTH TO LOWEST TERMS

EX. ¾ AND 9/12
9/12 ÷ 3/3 = ¾
9/12 = 3/4
HOW DO WE FIND OUT IF ONE FRACTION EQUALS
ANOTHER?

2. THE CROSS PRODUCTS OF TWO FRACTIONS ARE EQUAL

EX.
36 36
3=9
4 12
PRACTICE
COMPLETE EACH TO HAVE EQUAL FRACTIONS
1. 3/5 = N/15N = ______ 4. ¼ = N/16 N =_____
2. 8/12 = N/3 N = ______ 5. 2/3 = N/21 N = _____
3. 5/8 = N/10 N= ______ 6. 6/8 = N/4 N = _____
ANALYZE AND SOLVE

A JOGGER HAS COMPLETED 3/8 OF A RACE.

WHAT FRACTION OF THE COURSE MUST HE STILL
RUN TO COMPLETE 13/24 OF THE RACE?
ANALYZE AND SOLVE

A CARPENTER CUTS A 20 FOOT STRING INTO 12

PIECES. WHAT FRACTION IN LOWEST TERM IS
EACH PIECE? HOW LONG IS EACH PIECE?
ANALYZE AND SOLVE
RICKY BOUGHT A PIZZA DIVIDED INTO 4 EQUAL PIECES. HE
GAVE TWO OF THE PIECES TO HIS BROTHERS. THEN 3 OF HIS
FRIENDS COME. RICKY DIVIDED EACH OF THE REMAINING
PIECES INTO 2. WHAT FRACTION OF THE PIZZA DID EACH
FRIEND GET?
ANALYZE AND SOLVE
MOTHER BAKED A CAKE AND CUT IT INTO 16
EQUAL PARTS. SHE GAVE 3 PIECES TO EACH OF
HER 2 NEIGHBORS. WHAT FRACTION OF THE
CAKE REMAINED FOR HER FAMILY?
ANALYZE AND SOLVE
PETE AND HIS BROTHER PAINTED 1/5 OF THEIR
FENCE ON MONDAY, 3/10 OF IT ON TUESDAY.
WHAT PART OF THE FENCE STILL HAS TO BE
PAINTED?
CHALLENGE QUESTION
SHEILA WENT TO A STORE AND SPENT 1/3 OF THE MONEY IN
HER PURSE PLUS 15 PESOS MORE. SHE WENT TO A SECOND
STORE AND SPENT 2/5 OF THE MONEY LEFT IN HER PURSE PLUS
15 PESOS MORE. AFTER LEAVING THE STORE, SHE FOUND OUT
THAT SHE HAD EXACTLY 120 PESOS LEFT. HOW MUCH MONEY
DID SHE HAVE AT FIRST?
FRACTIONS
AND MIXED
NUMBERS
TCHNSMX2017
OBJECTIVES
■ Define and illustrate proper fractions, improper
fractions and mixed numbers.
■ Change a mixed number to an improper
fraction and vice versa.
■ Solve word problems involving mixed
numbers.
Hands – on….
■ Draw a rectangle. Shade the rectangle to
represent the whole number 1.
■ Draw an identical rectangle beside the first one.
Separate this rectangle into four equal parts to
show fourths. Shade one part to represent ¼.
■ Separate the whole number portion into 1/4s.
How many shaded
1/4s are there?
 What fraction is
equivalent to 1 ¼?
How many shaded
1/4s are there?
 REMEMBER

A proper fraction, such as

2/3 is a fraction with the
numerator smaller than
the denominator
 REMEMBER

An improper fraction is a
fraction in which the
numerator is equal to or
larger than the denominator
 REMEMBER

A mixed number like 2 ½, is

a number which has a whole
number and a fraction
FYI!!

The body of the vampire bat

measures 2 ¾ inches. Express
the body length of a vampire
bat as an improper fraction.
 We can change a mixed number into
an improper fraction or an improper
fraction into a mixed number.
Examples: Change 2 ¾ and 5 1/6 to improper fractions.
Solution: a. Express 2 as fourths: 2=2X4/4=4/8
Add ¾ to 8/4 = 11/4
b. Express 5 as sixths: 5=5X6/6 =30/6
Add 1/6 to 30/6 = 31/6
Thus 2 ¾ = 11/4 and 5 1/6= 31/6
 To change an improper fraction to a
mixed number, we reverse the
procedure.
■  
Examples: Change (a) 19/4 (b) 27/5
Solution 1: a. 19/4 = 16/4 +3/4 = 3 + ¾ = 4 ¾
b. 27/5 = 25/5 + 2/5 = 5 + 2/5 = 5 2/5
Solution 2: a. 19/4 = 19 b. 27/5 = 27 5 = 5R2
19/4 = 4 +3/4 = 4 ¾ 27/5 = 5 +2/5 = 5 2/5
Thus 19/4 = 4 ¾ and 27/5 = 5 2/5
PRACTICE
Change the following to mixed numbers
with the fractional part in lowest terms.
1. 13/8
2. 31/8
3. 32/9
4. 67/12
5. 24/5
PRACTICE
Change each mixed number to an
improper fraction.
1. 4 3/5
2. 5 8/11
3. 9 2/3
4. 8 7/9
5. 6 5/7
Group Activity
Suggestopedia
Analyze and solve.
Lulu had 6 apples. She divided them in
halves for her friends and herself. How
many halves did she have? How would
you write all the halves as fractions?
Analyze and solve.

Rose had 3 and 2/3 watermelons to

sell. She divided them into twelfths.
How many pieces did she have to sell?
Analyze and solve.

Mother baked 6 cakes for Nancy’s

birthday. She divided each into 15 pieces.
She served a piece to each of Nancy’s 70
guests. How many pieces remained?
Analyze and solve.

Miss Galvez bought 35 meters of cloth for

her sewing class. She divided 23 ½ meters
into ¼ meter pieces. How many pieces of
cloth did she have for her sewing class?
Analyze and solve.

A vendor cut 5 watermelons into twelfths. He sold 19

pieces in the morning and 35 pieces in the afternoon.
Write as mixed numbers the number of watermelons he
sold in the morning and in the afternoon? What part of
the watermelon did he bring home?
 COMPARING AND
ORDERING FRACTIONS
OBJECTIVES
1. Explain how to compare fractions with:
a. The same denominator but different numerators
b. The same numerator but different denominators
c. Different numerators and denominators
2. Given two fractions determine which one is greater.
3. Arrange fractions from least to greatest and vice versa.
4. Solve word problems involving the comparison of
fractions.
A B
A B
Strategy
• Make sure the denominators are the same.
• Compare the numerators.

•If the denominators are not the same,

then rewrite the fractions using a
common denominator.
•The new fractions should be equivalent
to the original fractions.
Writing Equivalent Fractions
• One way to find a common denominator is to
multiply the two original denominators.

5 3
6 > 4 6 x 4 = 24

x4 20 > 18
x6

20 18
24 24
 •Another way to compare fractions is to find the LCM of both
denominators.
•Use the LCM as the new denominator in the equivalent fractions.

5 7
9, 18, 27, 36, 45 <
12, 24, 36, 48, 60
9 12
20 < 21

x4 x3
20 21
36 36
Ordering Fractions

• Find the LCM of the denominators.

• Use the LCM to write equivalent
fractions.
• Put the fractions in order using the
numerators.
Example - Order from Least to Greatest:
3 2 1
8 5 4
x8
x5 x 10
15 16 10
40 40 40
8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48

5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 1/4 < 3/8 <
4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40 2/5
PRACTICE
Compare each pair of fractions. Write <,> or =.
1.2/3 ____4/6
2.5/6 ____ 6/8
3.5/6 ____ 7/8
4.15/17 _____16/19
5.3/5 _____ 4/6
PRACTICE
Arrange the following fractions from least to
greatest.
1. ¾, 2/3, 4/6
2. ¾, 2/3, 4/6
3. ¾, 7/9, 4/5
4. 7/10, 9/12, 9/11
5. 5/6, 9/11, 11/13
Group work

Luz and Cathy were both given

the same amount of money by
their father. Luz spent ¾ of her
money while Cathy spent 5/7 of
hers. Who spent more money?
Group work
Rose had Php 80 and Lily had Php
75. Rose spent Php 75 and Lily spent
Php 70. What fraction of her money
did each girl spend? Who of the girls
had a bigger portion of her money
left?
OPERATIONS ON
FRACTIONS
 ADDITION AND
SUBTRACTION OF
FRACTIONS

SIMILAR FRACTIONS
Add the following fractions. How many can
you do orally?

3 2
+
7 7
Add the following fractions. How many can
you do orally?

3 18
+
12 12
Add the following fractions. How many can
you do orally?

5 2
+
8 8
Add the following fractions. How many can
you do orally?

12 1
+
15 15
Add the following fractions. How many can
you do orally?

3 14
+
20 20
Subtract the following fractions. How many
can you do orally?

5 2
-
7 7
Subtract the following fractions. How many
can you do orally?

8 3
-
10 10
Subtract the following fractions. How many
can you do orally?

4 1
-
15 15
Subtract the following fractions. How many
can you do orally?

9 4
-
20 20
 Read, analyze and solve.

Mrs Lim spends ¼ of her income for

rent and 2/4 of it for food. What part of
her income goes to food and rent? How
much remains for other expenses?
 Read, analyze and solve.

How much paint was used if ¾

gallon was used for the living room,
2/4 gallon in the hallway, and 1
gallon for the bedrooms?
 Read, analyze and solve.

Before being cooked, a hamburger

weighed 75 ¾ grams but after it
was cooked, it weighed 74 2/4
grams. How much weight was lost?
 Read, analyze and solve.

Joan ran for 1/6 hour on her first

day and 2/6 on her second day.
What part of an hour did Joan run
on the two days?
 Read, analyze and solve.

Nina made 132 Sampaguita garlands, she

was able to sell 66 garlands by 6 o’clock
and another 4/11 of them after supper.
How many garlands was she not able to
sell?
 ADDITION AND
SUBTRACTION OF
FRACTIONS

DISSIMILAR FRACTIONS
Perform the indicated operation

3 1
+
4 15
Perform the indicated operation

5 3
+
6 4
Perform the indicated operation

2 1
+
5 4
Perform the indicated operation

2 1
+
5 4
Perform the indicated operation

2 3
30 + 16
5 8
Perform the indicated operation

7 5
19 + 13
8 6
Perform the indicated operation

3 4
12 - 5
4 7
Perform the indicated operation

3 1
9 - 5
11 2
Look at the figures below and find the
perimeter of each.

12 18 ½
¼ c m
cm
13 2/3 cm
 Look at the figures below and find the
perimeter of each.

16 3/8 cm

11 5/6cm
Look at the figures below and find the
perimeter of each.

7 ½ cm
7 2/3cm 10 2/5 cm

8 ½ cm 8 5/6 cm
 Find the missing dimension.
11 7/8 cm
6 2/5 cm
Y
8 2/3 cm
X
16 2/4 cm
 Analyze and solve the following
problems
Joy walks ¾ of a km to a friends
home, ½ km to a mall and 2/3
km home. What is the total
distance that Joy covers?
 Analyze and solve the following
problems
Kaye spends 1/3 of a day sleeping and
3/8 of a day working. (a) What fraction
of a day do these two activities use? (b)
What fraction of a day remains for other
activities?
 Analyze and solve the following
problems
In a family of five, here are the expenses: 1/3
goes to education, 3/8 goes to food, 1/5 goes to
transportation and 1/8 to clothing. What
fraction represents all the given expenses?
What fraction goes to the unnamed expenses?
 Analyze and solve the following
problems
Liza has 7/8 of her homework left to be
done over the weekend. On Saturday, she
plans to do ¼ of the assignment. What
portion remains to be done on Sunday?
 Analyze and solve the following
problems
On a 10 hour trip, Tim drives 2
¾ hours and Jeff drives 2 ½
hours. How many hours more
will the rest of the trip take?
 Analyze and solve the following
problems
The interest rate on an auto loan in June
was 32 3/8 percent. By November, the
rate was up to 35 ¼ percent. By how
much did the interest increase over the
period?
 Challenge question
A man left ½ of his money to his wife, 2/5 of what
remained to his son and P40 000 more than ½ of
what then remained to his daughter. The
remaining money was shared equally by his 2
nieces. If each niece got P47 500, how much
money did the man leave behind?