The Present Perfect Tense

Has or Have

For and Since

Faris Alfath 9A
 Definition of Present Perfect
Tense
Present perfect digunakan untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara masa kini dan masa
lalu. Waktu tindakan atau kejadiannya adalah sebelum sekarang, tetapi tidak spesifik,
dan kita sering kali lebih tertarik dengan hasil atau akibatnya daripada tindakan itu
sendiri.

The present perfect is used to denote a

relationship between the present and the
past. The timing of the action or event is
prior to the present, but not specific, and we
are often more interested in the result or
effect than the action itself.
 Function and Purpose
1. Actions or situations that started in the past and are still continuing
today. (Tindakan atau situasi yang dimulai di masa lalu dan masih
berlanjut hingga kini)
2. Actions performed during a period of time that have not yet ended
or ended. (Tindakan yang dilakukan selama periode waktu yang
belum selesai atau berakhir)
3. The action repeats itself for an indefinite period between the past
and the present. (Tindakan berulang dalam periode yang tidak
ditentukan antara masa lalu dan kini. )
4. Actions that have just finished or ended are represented by just.
(Tindakan yang baru saja selesai atau berakhir, dinyatakan
dengan just.)
5. Actions where timing doesn't matter. (Tindakan di mana waktu
tidaklah penting.)
 Rumus or Formula
Jenis kalimat
Positif ( + )
Verbal  (+)          Subjek + have/has + Verb 3 + O/Adv
Nominal  (-)      Subjek + have/has + been + Noun/Adj/Adv
Contoh :          I have finished my paper.
John has been worked in the company fo ten years.
Negatif ( - )
Verbal (+)          Subjek + have/has + not + Verb 3 + O/Adv
Nominal (-)          Subjek + have/has + not + been + Noun/Adj/Adv
Contoh :          She has not finished her paper.
I have not been go to the Museum.
Interogatif. ( ? )
Verbal   (+)           Have/has + Subjek + Verb 3 + O/Adv
Nominal   (-)       Have/has + Subjek + been + Noun/Adj/Adv
Contoh :           Has he worked in the company for ten years?
Have I been finished my paper?
Pada kalimat present perfect tense,
keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan adalah “for” dan “since”.
Verb 3 is past participle
 Contoh or example

I have eaten apple He has Played the piano since 1

year.
She has eaten apple They have not played for 3
We have eaten apple months.
Have you played the piano for 1
months?
 For and Since
In the present perfect tense, the adverbs of time that are often used are "for" and "since".(Pada kalimat
present perfect tense, keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan adalah “for” dan “since”)
For is used to show how long a period of time lasts. (For digunakan untuk menunjukkan berapa lama
periode waktu berlangsung.)
Contoh: I have worked in the company for ten years
For can be omitted in the present perfect tense sentence because the adverb of this time can still be
understood even though it is not accompanied in the sentence. (For dapat dihilangkan dalam kalimat
present perfect tense karena keterangan waktu ini masih bisa dimengerti meskipun tidak disertai dalam
kalimat.)
Contoh: I have worked in the company (for) ten years
Since is used to show when a period of time started. (Since digunakan untuk menunjukkan kapan
suatu periode waktu dimulai.)
Contoh : I have worked in the company since ten years ago.
Unlike for, since cannot be removed in the present perfect tense because it can eliminate the adverb
function of the time and the meaning of the sentence itself. (Berbeda dengan for, since tidak dapat
dihilangkan dalam kalimat present perfect tense karena bisa menghilangkan fungsi keterangan waktu
dan makna kalimat itu sendiri.)
Contoh: I have worked in the company since May
Tapi tidak bisa, I have worked in the company May