NARAYANA E-TECHNO SCHOOL

MARATAHALLI, BANGALORE
CBSE AFFILIATION CODE: SCHOOL CODE: 45427
830509

PROJECT
ART INTEGRATION
SUBJECT: SOCIAL STUDIES

MAJOR MOVEMENTS OF UTTARAKHAND

CREATED BY: SUBMITTED

AMULYA KABRA TO:
CLASS 8TH MANU SIR
OLYMPIAD S.ST. TEACHER
 CONTENT

 Brief History And Formation

 Rampur-Tiraha Firing Case
 The Chipko Andolan
 Major Festivals and Famous
Pilgrimage Centers
 Traditions And Clothing
 Food and Delicacies
 THE HISTORY AND FORMATION OF THE STATE
 Uttarakhand, formerly Uttaranchal, state of India, located in
the northwestern part of the country.
 On November 9, 2000, the state of Uttaranchal—the 27th state of
India—was carved out of Uttar Pradesh, and in January 2007 the
new state changed its name to Uttarakhand, meaning “Uttar-
Northern, Khand-Part/Region,” which was the traditional name
for the area.
 It was only in post-independence India that the Uttarakhand
region began to receive significant attention in the regional
literature, when the autonomous princely state of Tehri - Garhwal
was incorporated into the United Provinces of India in 1949.
 With the adoption of a new Indian constitution in 1950, the
United Provinces was renamed Uttar Pradesh and became
a constituent state of India.
 THE MAIN CAUSE OF SEPARATION AND RAMPUR-TIRAHA FIRING CASE

 Grappling with a large population and vast land area, the government of the new state, seated
at the south-eastern city of Lucknow, found it difficult to address the interests of the people in
the far-northern region.
 Lack of adequate infrastructure, and general underdevelopment ultimately led the people of
Uttarakhand to call for a separate state shortly after the creation of Uttar Pradesh. Initially,
protests were weak, but they gathered strength and momentum in the 1990s..
 The tension reached a climax on Oct. 2, 1994, when police fired on a crowd of demonstrators
in the north-western town(Ramur-Tiraha) of Muzaffarnagar, killing a number of people.
 The separatists continued this for the next several years. Finally, in November 2000 the new
state of Uttaranchal was created.
 THE CHIPKO MOVEMENT

 The Chipko Andolan (movement) was a non-violent agitation in

1973 that was aimed at protection and conservation of trees,
but, is best remembered for the collective mobilisation of
women for the cause of preserving forests, which also brought
about a change in attitude regarding their own status in society.
 The uprising against the felling of trees and maintaining the
ecological balance originated in Uttar Pradesh’s Chamoli
district (now Uttarakhand) in 1973 and in no time spilled onto
other states in north India.
 The name of the movement ‘chipko’ literally means ’to stick
to’, as the villagers hugged, clinged to the trees and encircled
them to prevent being cut.
 HISTORY OF CHIPKO ANDOLAN

 However, not many people know that the

original Chipko andolan dates back to the
18th century and was started by
Rajasthan’s Bishnoi community.
 The incident has been etched in the history
for the sacrifice of a group of villagers,
who were led by a lady named Amrita
Devi, laid down their lives while
protecting trees from being felled on the
orders of then King of Jodhpur.
 After this incident, the king, banned
cutting of trees in all Bishnoi villages.
UTTARAKHAND’S
CULTURE
Uttarakhand is a beautiful place
which can be sub-divided into two
regions majorly known as
Garhwal and Kumaon. It includes
many of the famous tourist places
like Nainital, Haridwar, Oly,
Almora, Dehradun, Chamoli,
Uttarkashi, Rishikesh. The culture
identifies its people uniquely and
gives them a meaning. The
various traditions, religions, fairs,
festivals, folk dances, music are
what distinctly separate them from
the rest of the crowd. The
residents of Uttarakhand are proud
THE GARHWALI
THE KUMAONI
CULTURE
due toCULTURE
• Kumaon has been an interesting region since the last two decades
 Garhwal is a beautiful place marked by the tall the rock paintings which have been discovered in the area.
mountains, cold weather and green valleys. People Lakhu Udiyar and Lwethaap are the most famous ones amongst
from all over the country visit the place to them.
meditate and attain peace in a life full of so much • Kumaon is said to be the point of origin of Pahari Kalam which is
yet another style of painting well-known across the world.
chaos.
• The most popular art form of Kumaon, however, is known as Aipan
 The very ancient wood carving can be seen even or Alpana. In this art form, pieces of cloth, walls and papers are all
today on some of the doors as well temples of decorated with geometric figures which belong to God, Goddesses
Garhwal. All the places such as Ransi temple, and the other natural objects of nature.
Srinagar temple, Chandpur fort, Padukeshwar and • Alpana is a very important art form of Kumaon which can easily be
Devalgarh temple comprise of architectural spotted in the homes of this region.
remains even today. • Aipan has a number of art forms including Saraswati ,Nav Durga,
Chamunda Hasti, Janeyu, Hasan, Acharya, Dhuli Arghya Chowki,
 Garhwali is the main language spoken here. The
Durga Thapa etc.
Garhwali language is believed to have originated • The most popular dance form of Kumaon is known as Chhalaria. It
from a combination of- Sauraseni Prakrit, Sanskrit is related to the martial traditions of the region. All the festivals are
and Western or Central Pahari language. celebrated with a lot of enthusiasm and witness such traditional
  Garhwal is inhabited by people belonging to a dance forms even today.
number of ethnic groups and castes.
THE LANGUAGES OF
UTTARAKHAND(GARHWAL)
 The Garhwali language is primarily spoken by the Garhwali people of the north-western
Garhwal Division from the state of Uttarakhand in the Indian Himalayas.
 The Garhwali language is classified as a Central Pahari language belonging to the Northern
Zone of Indo-Aryan languages. Garhwali is one of the 325 recognised languages of
India, which is spoken by over 2 million people.
 The language has many regional dialects including: Srinagari, Tehri (Gangapariya),
Badhani, Dessaulya, Lohbya, Majh-Kumaiya, Bhattiani, Nagpuriya, Rathi, Salani (Pauri),
Ravai, Parvati, Jaunpuri, Gangadi (Uttarkashi), Chandpuri.
 Srinagari dialect is the literary standard, while Pauri is generally regarded as the prominent
one.
 However, for a number of reasons, Garhwali is a rapidly shrinking language. The UNESCO
Atlas of the World's Endangered Languages book has described Garhwali language one of
the moribund languages that needs to be protected.
THE LANGUAGES OF UTTARAKHAND(KUMAON)
 The people of Kumaon speak 13
dialects including Kumaiya,
Gangola, Soryali, Sirali, Askoti,
Danpuriya, Johari,
Chaugarkhyali, Majh Kumaiya,
Khasparjia, Pachhai and
Rauchaubhaisi. This group of
languages is known as the group
of Central Pahari languages.
 Kumaon is also rich in its folk
literature which comprises of
myths, heroes, heroines,
bravery, Gods, Goddesses and
the characters drawn from
Ramayana and Mahabharatha.
MAJOR RELIGIONS AND FESTIVALS
 Apart from worshipping Lord Shiva and Shakti, the residents
of this region worship other Gods and Goddesses too
including Kul Devta, Bhumi Devta, Gram Devta and Naga
Devta.
 Some other important folk Gods worshipped include Naina
Devi, Nanda Devi, Gwalla, Bholenath, Airy, Gangnath,
Chaumu, Haru and Kail Bisht.
 POPULAR LOCAL FESTIVALS: Harela, Diwali, Basant
Panchami, Raksha Bandhan, Ganga Dasseera, Bitauli, Holi,
Navratri.
 We can see from this, that the main religion followed here is
Hinduism
 Other religions include Islam(14%) and Sikhism(2.3%)
OCCUPATION, FOOD AND CLOTHING
Its snowy region, so
 Uttarakhand is largely dependent on its wool obtained from
agriculture for the revenue. sheep or goat is used to
 Basmati rice, wheat, soybeans, prepare woolen clothes.
groundnuts, coarse cereals, pulses, and oil
seeds are the most widely grown crops in
the state. Also fruits like apples, oranges,
pears, peaches, litchis, and plums that are
widely grown in the state and bring a
good amount of revenue.
 Other key industries for the source of
economy include tourism and
hydropower, and recently development in
IT, ITES, biotechnology,
pharmaceuticals,etc.
 THANK YOU
HOPE YOU GOT TO KNOW SOMETHING NEW ABOUT UTTARAKHAND