Jose

Rizal’s
Educational
 The Hero’s
First
• The first teacherTeacher
of Pepe was
his mother.
• He learned the alphabet
and prayers at the age of
three.
• As a tutor, Doña Teodora was
patient, conscientious and
understanding.
 She first discovered that her
son had a talent for poetry so
she encouraged him to write
• She related many stories to lighten
monotony of the ABC‘s the
memorizing
stimulate her son‘s and to
imagination.

Doña Teodora noticed that her son

seemed uninterested so she just
told him The Moth story so that
Doña Teodora taught Pepe to read young Pepe would get the moral of
the poem, El Amigo De Los Ninos the story which is being obedient
o Ang Kaibigan ng mga Bata but he to
their parents. However, Pepe
couldn‘t understand Spanish so he realized
stared at the gas lamp for the die fromfor
theother
story people
that it isjust
an honor
like
whole time. to moth did.
the
 Rizal‘s parents employed
private tutors to give
him lessons at home.

• Maestro Celestino – First tutor

• Maestro Lucas Padua –
Second tutor (Arithmetic)
 Third Tutor: Leon
Monroy
A former classmate of Rizal‘s father. This old
teacher lived at the Rizal home and instructed
Jose in Spanish and Latin. He did not lived
long and died five months later.

After Monroy‘s death, the parents of Rizal

decided to send him to a private school in
Biñan.
 Rizal Moves to
Biñanof June 1869, Rizal (age
• Sunday afternoon
9) left Calamba to move in Biñan.
• Paciano accompanied Rizal in his trip
on board a carromata.
• Their travel lasted for one and a half hour. Then
proceed to their Aunt‘s house, where Rizal
stayed for more than a year.

C a lam ba B iñan
 First Day at the Village
• School
He was accompanied again by
Paciano to the village school
under the charge of Maestro
Justiniano Cruz, Paciano‘s
teacher during his elementary
school days.

• Pedro – son of
Maestro Cruz
• Bullied Pepe for asking
radical questions and being
small for his age
• Pepe challenged him to a
 First Day at the Village
•School
After the class in the afternoon, his
classmate named
Andres Salandanan challenged
him to an arm-wrestling match.
• In
succeeding days he had
other fights with the boys of
Biñan. He was not
quarrelsome by nature, but
he never ran away from
fight.
 Academic Studies at
the Village School
• Even at this level of education, Rizal
was able to demonstrate his
intellectual superiority– the best in his
class in Latin, Spanish, and the rest of
the subjects.

• Because of this, he was the object of

jealousy by his classmates; and thus was
made to look bad in front of the maestro
and was punished.
 Academic Studies at
the Village School
He did not enjoy his schooling at the
village school, under Maestro Justiniano
Cruz. He did not even like his teacher,
who he described as a tall man with a
long neck and a sharp nose and a body
bent slightly forward.
 Academic Studies at
the Village School
But though he did not like him, he
considered him an expert in Latin and
Spanish grammars.
x One thing he hated from him was his use of
corporal punishment in making the pupils
learn the lesson for the day (he considered it
barbarous).
x He highlight his hatred for that type of
instruction in
his Noli me Tangere
x For him (Ibarra), a school has to be a
playground of
 Life at
Biñan
• He had a very systematic and disciplined
life
• Wakes up 4:00 in the morning, attends the
mass, go home and study lessons,
take his breakfast, and attend class until
10:00.
• He then goes home for lunch; after resting
for an hour, he returns to school for
afternoon classes from 2:00- 5:00; by 6:00,
he had to pray with his cousins andstudy
for a while.
 Life at
• Biñan when there was a moon, he
After suppertime,
played with his nieces in the street.
• He also took painting and drawing lessons
under Maestro Cruz‘s father-in-law, the old
Juancho, and eventually became his
apprentice.
• The rigorous life he had as an elementary
pupil at the village school equipped him with
the competencies for secondary schooling in
Manila; and strengthened his body and soul
as a young lad.
 End of Schooling at
the Village
• School
He returned to Calamba for one and a half
year of schooling in Biñan after he received a
letter from his sister, Saturnina that his
mother, Doña Teodora was imprisoned for
allegedly trying to poison his brother-in-law.
• December 17, 1870 – he was able to return
home. He boarded the steamship Talim and
was accompanied by Arturo Camps, his
father‘s friend.
 S T U D I E S AT
THE ATENEO
AND
UST
 SCHOLASTIC
T RIUMP HS AT ATENEO
D E M A N I L A (1872-
1877)
• Jose was sent to Manila four months after the
martyrdom of Gom-Bur-Za and with Doña Teodora
still in prison. He studied in the Ateneo Municipal, a
college under the supervision of the Spanish
Jesuits.
• Bitter rival of the Dominican-owned College
of San Juan de Letran
• Form erly the E scuela Pia (Charity
School)- for poor boys in Manila
established in 1817.
• In 1859- name was changed to Ateneo Municipal
by the Jesuits and later became the
 June 10, 1872 - accompanied
Paciano,Jose, by the entrance
went to Manila to take
examinations on Christian Doctrine,
arithmetic and reading at the College of San
Juan de Letran, and passed them.

 His father was the first one who wished him

to study at Letran but he changed his mind
and decided to send Jose at Ateneo instead.
 R I Z A L ENTERS
ATENEO
Father Magin Ferrando, college registrar
of Ateneo Municipal refused to admit
Jose because:
1. He was late for registration
2. He was sickly and undersized for his age
(11 years old)
Upon the intercession of Manuel Xeres
Burgos, nephew of Father Burgos, he was
admitted at Ateneo.
 R I Z A L ENTERS
ATENEO
• Jose adopted the surname 'Rizal´ at the
Ateneo because their family name ‗Mercado‘
had come under suspicion of the Spanish
authorities.
• Ateneo was located in Intramuros, within the
walls of Manila. He boarded in a house on
Caraballo Street, 25 min walk from the college.
The boarding house was owned by Titay, who
owd Rizal family P300. Jose boarded there to
collect part of the debt
JESUITS’ SYSTEM OF
EDUCATION
Jesuits trained the character of the student by
rigid discipline, humanities and religious
instruction. They heard Mass early in the
morning before the beginning of daily class.
Classes were opened and closed with prayers

Students were divided into two groups:

1. Roman Empire (students living inside
Ateneo)
2. Carthaginian Empire (students living
outside school)
**This grouping increase the competition of the
RIZAL’s FIRST YEAR IN
ATENEO (1872-1873)
• Rizal‘s first professor in Ateneo was Fr. Jose
Bech.
• Rizal was placed at the bottom of the class since
he was a newcomer and knows little Spanish.
• He was an externo (Carthaginians), occupying the
end of the line. But at the end of the month, he
become ‗emperor‘ of his Empire.
• Rizal took private lessons in Santa Isabel College
during noon recesses to improve his Spanish
language paying three pesos for those extra
lessons.
Summer Vacation (1873)

• Rizal didn‘t enjoy his summer because his

mother was in prison so Neneng (Saturnina)
brought him to Tanawan.
• But without telling his father, he went to Santa
Cruz to visit her mother in prison. He told her
of his brilliant grades.
• After summer, he returned to Manila and now
boarded inside Intramuros at No. 6 Magallanes
Street. Dona Pepay, who had a widowed
daughter and 4 sons, was his landlady.
RIZAL’s SECOND YEAR IN
ATENEO (1873-1874)

• At the end of the school year, Rizal received excellent

grades in all subjects and a gold medal.

Books that he liked to read:

• The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexander Dumas
- the first favorite novel of Rizal which made a
deep impression on him
• Universal History by Cesar Cantu - Rizal
persuaded his father to buy him this set of
historical work that was a great aid in his studies
RIZAL’s THIRD YEAR IN ATENEO
(1874-1875)

• Rizal grades remained excellent in all subjects

but he won only one medal—in Latin.

• At the end of the school year (March 1875),

Rizal returned to Calamba for the summer
vacation. He himself was not impressed by his
scholastic work.
RIZAL’s FOURTH YEAR IN
ATENEO (1875-1876)

• Padre Francisco de Paula Sanchez - a great

educator and scholar, one of Rizal‘s professors
who inspired him to study harder and to write
poetry.
• Rizal described this Jesuit professor as ―model
of uprightness, earnestness, and love for the
advancement of his pupils‖
• Rizal topped all his classmates in all subjects
and won five medals at the end of the school
term.
LAST YEAR I N ATENEO (1876-
1877)

Rizal was the most brilliant Atenean of his

time, and was truly the pride of the Jesuits.
• Graduate with Highest Honor
• March 23, 1877- Rizal, 16 years old,
received from his Alma Mater, Ateneo
Municipal, the degree of Bachelor of Arts,
with highest honors
EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIE S I N
ATENEO
• He was an active member, later secretary, of Marian
Congregatiion a religious society. He was accepted
because of his academic brilliance and devotion to
Our Lady of Immaculate Conception, the college
patroness.
• He is also a member of the Academy of Spanish
Literature and the Academy of Natural Sciences.
• He studied painting under Agustin Saez, a famous
painter, and sculpture under Romualdo de Jesus.
• He continued his physical training under hi sports-
minded Tio Manuel.
SCULPTURAL WORKS I N
ATENEO
• He carved an image of The Virgin M a r y on a
piece of Batikuling (Philippine hardwood) with
his pocket-knife. The Jesuits fathers were
amazed.

• Father Lleonart requested him to carve for him an

image of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. He
intended to take the image with him in Spain but
forgot to do so. So the Ateneo boarders placed it
on the door of their dormitory. It plays a
significant part in Rizal‗s last hours at Fort
Santiago.
STUDIES AT THE
UNIVERSITY O F
SANTO T O M A S
• Fortunately, Rizal‘s tragic first romance, with its
bitter disillusionment, did not adversely affect his
studies in the University of Santo Tomas. His love
for higher education proved to be greater than his
love for a pretty girl.
• In April 1877, Rizal who was then nearly 16 years
old, matriculated in the University of Santo Tomas,
taking Philosophy and Letters.
• At the same time, he took a vocational course in
Ateneo which gave him the title perito agrimensor
(expert surveyor) issued on November 25, 1881
He enrolled in this course for
two reasons:
1. His father liked it
2. He was still uncertain as to what career
to follow.
Padre Pablo Ramon
- Rector of Ateneo, who had been good to
him during his student days in that college,
asking for advice on the choice of career.
-Unfortunately, the Father Rector was in the
Mindanao and during those days it took several
months foe a letter to travel between
Manila and Mindanao.
 STUDIES AT
UST
First year (1877-1878) – he studied Cosmology,
Metaphysics, Theodicy and History of Philosophy.

Second year (1879-1880) – he took up medicine, enrolling

simultaneously in the preparatory medical course and the
regular first year medical course.

He studied Medicine because:

• He wanted to be a physician so that he might cure
his
mother‘s failing eyesight
• Father Pablo Ramon, Rector of Ateneo, whom he
consulted for a choice of career, finally answered his
letter, recommending medicine.
 STUDIES AT
UST
• Rizal‘s academic performance in UST was
not as impressive as that in Ateneo.
• He was a good student in Medicine but not
as gifted as he was in Arts and Letters.
• Despite this, he was still one of the seven
students who remained in the course in his
last year out of the original batch of 24
(Jose, 2011).
 UNHAPPY DAYS AT
UST
• Rizal was unhappy in the Dominican
institution because:
1. The Dominican professors were
aggressive to him
2. The Filipino students were
racially discriminated by the
Spaniards
3. The method of instruction was obsolete
and repressive.