Geography of Turkey

Geographical position

97% - Asian part of Turkey

(Asia Minor/Anatolia/Anadolu and Armenian
Highland)
3% - European part of Turkey
(Turkish Thrace/Trakya)

CAPITAL
Ankara SEAS
the Black Sea, the Mediterranean Sea,
the Aegean Sea, the Sea of Marmara
TOTAL AREA (SQ KM)
785,347
NEIGHBORS
Georgia Armenia Azerbaijan
OFFICIAL NAME Iran Iraq Syria Greece Bulgaria
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (Republic of
Turkey)
 Relief
 the northern folded zone - the Pontic Mountains
 the southern folded zone – the Taurus (Toros)
mountain system, some plains
 the central massif – best plains for agriculture
 the Arabian platform – relatively gentle relief

Mount Ararat (Ağrı) - 5,165 m

The Uludoruk Peak - 4,744 m

The Demirkazık Peak - 3,755 m

Mount Aydos - 3,479 m

The volcanic peaks of Erciye s-

3,916 metres
Natural disasters

EATHQUAKES
•326 fault lines
•800 earthquakes in total
(most of which had a
magnitude of 7 on the
Richter scale; 80 were
catastrophic)

FLOODS

EROSIONS
 Water system

DAMS
the Atatürk and Keban barrages on the Euphrates
the Hirfanlı on the Kızıl
the Sarıyar on the Sakarya
the Demirköprü on the Gediz
the Seyhan on the Seyhan
8 DRAINAGE BASINS
1 is drained by the Aras River => the Caspian Sea
2 drained by the Euphrates (Fırat) and Tigris rivers => the
Persian Gulf
3 is a small area which drains to Lake Van
4 (the main) is inland basin is in west-central Anatolia
5 drains to the Black sea
6 drains to the sea of Marmara
7 to the Aegean sea
8 to the Mediterranean
 Mineral recourses

 Coal (mainly lignite – бурый уголь)

 Oil (not enough)
 Iron
 Chromite
 Manganese
 Zinc
 Lead
 Copper
 Bauxite
 natural stone (travertine in particular)
Flora

PATTERNS OF NATURAL VEGETATION

steppe grasslands (mainly in central Anatolia)
forest and woodland (the Colchian forest and deciduous
forest, both are at the Black Sea zone)
the drier mixed- and deciduous-forest belt (the western
and eastern parts of turkey)

Diversity of types of vegetation relates to those of relief,

climate, and soils. It also depends on altitude. At the
lower levels there are deciduous forests. Coniferous
species become dominant above 1,000 metres, giving
way to alpine grassland above 2,000 metres
 Fauna

WILD ANIMALS
Wolves, foxes, boars, wildcats, beavers (бобры),
martens (куницы), jackals, hyenas, bears, deer,
gazelles, and mountain goats. The northern bald ibis, hermit ibis, or waldrapp (250/2000)

GAME BIRDS
Partridge (куропатки), wild geese, quail
(перепелки), and bustards (дрофы)

DOMESTICATED ANIMALS
water buffalo, Angora goats (on the central
massif), camels (in the southwest),horses,
donkeys, sheep, and cattle

Wildcats and wildkitties

 Thank you for your attention
POPULATION MONETARY UNIT URBAN-RURAL POPULATION
(2019 est.) 82,605,000 Turkish lira (TL) Urban: (2018) 75.1%
Rural: (2018) 24.9%