On Inductor, Capacitor and Diode: Subject Code: Mvj19Ee35 Subject Name: Eem

An Autonomous Institute
Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi,

Approved by AICTE, New Delhi,
Recognized by UGC with 2(f) & 12(B)
Accredited by NBA & NAAC
PPT ON INDUCTOR, CAPACITOR AND DIODE

SUBJECT CODE : MVJ19EE35
SUBJECT NAME: EEM
By-Vandana N
An Autonomous Institution ,Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi. Approved By AICTE, New Delhi. Recognized by UGC with 2(f) & 12(B) status.
Accredited by NBA and NAAC.
CONTENTS :-
• Introduction on electronic components
• Clsssification of electronic components
• Inductor
• Capacitor
• Diode
An Autonomous Institution ,Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi. Approved By AICTE, New Delhi. Recognized by UGC with 2(f) & 12(B)
status. Accredited by NBA and NAAC.
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INTRODUCTION ON ELECTRONIC
COMPONENTS
Electronic components:-
Electronic component is basic fundamental building blocks of any electronic system
precisely used to affect electrons and their associated fields.
Each component may have one or more basic properties and it behaves accordingly.
Resistors capacitors
Inductor transistor
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CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTRONIC
COMPONENTS
Electronic components
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PASSIVE COMPONENTS
Passive electronic components are those that don’t have the ability to
control current by means of another signal.
They start their operation once they are connected.
No external energy is needed for their operation
Eg:- resistors
Inductors
Capacitors
LDR
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INDUCTOR
DEF:- it is a passive electrical component that can store energy in a
magnetic field created by the electric current passing through it.
S Schematic symbol
• Whenever current passes through a conductor, lines of magnetic fluxare

generated aroundit. This magnetic flux opposes any change in current due
to the induced emf.
• Measured in Henry practically available value
Will be in terms micro Henry and million Henry .
• Types of inductance :- self inductance and 6
Mutual inductance
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Behaviour and description
• Inductors store energy in a magnetic field not an electric field.
• It pass DC, blocks AC. Along with Henry , inductance Is abbreviated in terms
of current also.
• It’s a coil of wire which can be wound on air or on a magnetic material.
• The number of factors affecting inductance value are:-
Number of coil turns
Diameter of coil
Spacing between turns
Size of the wire used
Type of material inside the coil
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Types of inductor
Fixed types :- with irrespective any parameter changing value of inductor remains constant or fixed.
Air wound inductor ferrite core torroidal inductor SMT inductor

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Axial power inductor Radial lead inductor
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SMD power inductor Beads inductor
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Variable inductor:-
• DEF:- if the value of the inductor can be varied within the specified limit, then it’s variable
inductor.
Adjustable air wound inductor variable inductor
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What is Capacitor?
• Device that store electric charges.

• Consists of two plates.
• Separated by an insulator.
• Non-conductive region can either be a vaccum or an electrical insulator known as dielectric.
• Variety of sizes and shapes.
• Symbol
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Capacitor
• DEF:-it’s two terminal device, consisting of two parallel plates separated by dielectric material
which has capacity to store energy in the form of charges.
• Measured in terms of farads.
• Schematic symbol
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Description of capacitor:-
• It blocks DC, pass AC.
• Di-electric used are glass, paper, plastic, Mica, ceramic, Electrolyte, etc
• Storage capacity of the capacitor depends on the area of the plate, distance between them and type
of dielectric used.
• Voltage rating indicate the maximum voltage which can be applicable.
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Types of capacitor
• Parallel plate capacitor
• Cylindrical capacitor
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Capacitance
• Ability to store charge.

• Unit of capacitance is farad.
• Capacitance values are normally smaller, such as Micro Farad, nano Farad.
• C=Q/V
• Capacitance of capacitor is directly proportional to charge store on that capacitor and inversely
proportional to voltage
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Storing charge on capacitors
Storing Charge On Capacitor:

 Connect to a voltage source.
 Positive charges start flowing towards one plate of capacitor and negative towards other.
 Due to dielectric charges start accumulating on plate surface.
 Potential rises from zero.
 Flow of charges stops when capacitor potential become equal to potential of battery.
 Same case with negative charges.
 So, charge store on the capacitor.
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Capacitor in parallel:-
Capacitors In Parallel:
• Voltage remain same.
• The equivalent capacitance of two capacitors connected in parallel is the sum of the individual
capacitances.
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Capacitor in series
Capacitor In Series:
• Charge remain same.
• The reciprocal of the equivalent capacitance of two capacitors connected in series is the sum of the
reciprocals of the individual capacitances.
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Uses of capacitors:-
Uses of Capacitor:
 Used as batteries.
 Used as sensing devices.
 Used to separate AC and DC.
 Used in vehicle audio system.
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Diode
Introduction:-
 Invented in 1904 by John Ambrose Fleming.
 Was constructed with 2 electrodes in the form of a vacuum tube.
 In 1906, Lee Dee Forest added a 3rd electrode called a control grid and the triode, which is used as
amplifier, switch..
 The application of triode created a new era in broadcasting with the invention of the crystal radio sensor
by Pickard, 1912.
 Commonly used in DC power supply units as a rectifiers and voltage regulators, clipper, clamper
circuit.
 Comes in different shape and sizes
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Physical structure of diode
• Diode is an electric device which allow current to flow only in one direction.
• The voltage applied to the semi conductor diode is referred to as bias voltage. There are two types
of bias voltage: 1. Forward biased 2. Reversed biased P N
• Forward Biased
• +ve terminal of battery connected with p-type
• -ve terminal of battery connected with n-type.
• Maximum current flow through the diode during forward biasing.
• The D.R is small in forward biased.
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• Reverse biased
• +ve terminal of battery connected with n-type
• -ve terminal of battery connected with p-type.
• Extremely small current flow through the diode during reverse biasing.
• The D.R is large in forward biased p-n junction
• Zener & Avalanche break down occurs in it.
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Types of diode:-
• Types of diode 1. P-n junction diode 2. LED diode 3. Photo diode 4. Zener diode
• 1. A diode (one way valve) is a PN junction with p-type on one side and n-type on the other. When a positive
voltage is applied to the p-type side (forward bias), it shrinks and overcomes the depletion zone, causing the
current to flow from the p-type to the n-type side.
• 2. A light-emitting diode (LED) are made of two-lead

semiconductor light source. (Gallium arsenide ,Gallium arsenide phosphide)
It is a p–n junction diode, which emits light when activate.
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• 3. A photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into current. A small amount of
current is also produced when no light is present.
• 4. A Zener diode is a diode which allows current to flow in the forward direction in the same
manner as an ideal diode, but also permits it to flow in the reverse direction when the voltage is
above a certain value known as breakdown voltage.
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Application of diodes:-
Application of diode circuit
• Rectifier circuit
• Half-wave rectifier
• Full-wave rectifier
• Bridge rectifier
• Clippers
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Thank You
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An Autonomous Institute

Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi,

PPT ON INDUCTOR, CAPACITOR AND DIODE

• Whenever current passes through a conductor, lines of magnetic fluxare

Air wound inductor ferrite core torroidal inductor SMT inductor

Adjustable air wound inductor variable inductor

• Device that store electric charges.

• Ability to store charge.

Storing Charge On Capacitor:

• 2. A light-emitting diode (LED) are made of two-lead

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