ELECRICITY

By ruchika nigam
 What is Electric Current ?
 Electric Current is the flow of electric charge
 Measured as the rate of flow of electric
charge
 Denoted by I
 I=Q/t
 SI unit -> Amperes(A)

NOTE-Direction of CONVENTIONAL Current is opposite to direction of flow of

electrons.
Electric Potential & Potential Difference

Electric Potential - Work done in moving a unit charge

from infinity to a point

.∞
A .
Potential Difference – The difference between potential at
two points

.∞

B. .
A
Potential difference
POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE = Work Done (W)/Charge(Q)

V=W/Q

SI Unit => VOLTS

Potential Difference
 How does an Electrical
Appliance Work?
 To make an electrical appliance work, electricity
must flow through it.

 The path along which the electric current moves is

called the electric circuit.
 Electric Circuit

An Electric Circuit is an electrical device that provides

a path for electricity to flow.
 Ammeter
 It must be connected in series in the circuit.

 Positive side of ammeter must be connected

nearest to the positive terminal of the battery
(electric cell), and vice versa.
 Voltmeter
 Voltmeters must be connected in parallel to the
circuit.
 The positive side of voltmeter is connected to the
positive terminal of the cell, and vice versa.
 OHM’s Law
 At constant temperature, Current flowing through a
conductor is directly proportional to potential difference
across its ends

 V∝I

 V/I = Constant
=R
 V=IR
 R -> Ressiatance(Ω or ohm)
THANK YOU