Vectors and

Analytical Geometry
19th April 2011

DPS Society HRD Centre, Dwarka, Delhi

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Agenda
• Structure of Analytical Geometry and Vectors?
• Why is a good understanding of these concepts important?
• What are some good practices that can be used to explain these
concepts better?
• What are the technologies that can be used to improve learning?
• Questions
– In person
– atul.n@elipsis.in

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 2

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Before we begin...

Let’s discuss marriages!

Is your marriage moving in the right direction?

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 3

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Vectors
• Motion is the mother of
vectors...

Confusing Concepts
Object Length Direction
Line Infinite No
Line Segment Finite No
Ray Infinite Yes
Directed line Infinite Yes
Directed line segment Finite Yes

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 4

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Vectors in Cricket

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 5

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Vectors in Pool, Billiards, Carom...

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 6

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Festivals and Fun...

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 7

 www.ganitgurooz.com

The essential requirement for motion...

• A stationery point.
• Motion of an object is the
change in position with
respect to a stationery
object.
• For mathematics, this object
is a point.

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 8

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Motion in Three Dimensional Space

• Ant moves in 1 dimensions or
two dimensions.

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 9

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Birds are free...

(a, b, c)

POINT ORDERED TRIPLET OF NUMBERS

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 10

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Analytical Geometry
• Solving Geometrical problems using algebraic tools
• Understanding algebraic structures using geometry

Find the shortest The quadratic

distance from a point equation represents
to a parabola. a parabola.
But is that all we need analytical
geometry for?
12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 11
 www.ganitgurooz.com

What is Space?
• Physicist’s Space
• Mathematician’s Space
– Metric Spaces
– Topological Spaces
– Banach Spaces
– Vector Spaces Hilbert spaces can be used to study the harmonics of
– Normed Vector Spaces vibrating strings.
– Hilbert Spaces
• The mathematical concept of a Hilbert space, named after David Hilbert,
generalizes the notion of Euclidean space. It extends the methods of vector algebra
and calculus from the two-dimensional Euclidean plane and three-dimensional space
to spaces with any finite or infinite number of dimensions.

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 12

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Three Spatial Dimensions + Time

• (a, b, c, d, e) is a point in a 5th dimensionsal space.

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 13

 www.ganitgurooz.com

A Building Block of Higher Mathematics

• A manifold is a topological space that on a small enough scale
resembles the Euclidean space of a specific dimension, called the
dimension of the manifold.
– A line and a circle are one-dimensional manifolds,
– A plane and sphere (the surface of a ball) are two-dimensional manifolds,

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 14

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Teach For The Future...

• Students should develop the
concept that R3 is a vector space.
When you are teaching vectors in 3D
• Students must understand that a
subset of R3 can be described
either in vector form or in
Euclidean space, you are establishing
Cartesian form. They must also
understand that these the foundation of basic concepts of
descriptions can be converted
from one form to another. higher mathematics in the mind of a
• Students must be able to
interpret a geometric problem young mathematician, physicist,
using vectors.
• Students must be able to solve a economist, computer scientist,…
geometric problem using vector
algebra.

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 15

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Something to think about!

• Will the point (1, 1, 1) lie on the line whose direction cosines are 0, ½,
3
and ? Give reasons.
2
• The line with the above direction cosines passes through the orgin.

Does it also pass through (0, 1, 1)?

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 16

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Straight Line in Euclidean Space

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 17

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Technology for Better Teaching

• Small Demo of a software
– 30 day FREE trial version can be downloaded from the site.
– School would need to purchase a license for use on multiple machines
– Excellent Addition to Your Math Lab

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 18

 www.ganitgurooz.com

Closing Statements/Comments
• Questions
• Support Ganit Gurooz by joining as a FREE member
• Organise Teacher Training Workshops in your city/state
• Work on Live Projects in Content Development and Educational
Technology

12/09/2021 (c) Ganit Gurooz 19