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  • HAH Huai HUI Terng Shiue SHE

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    Mahbub Hasan Rownok
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    The 1917 Halifax Explosion was one of the largest man-made explosions prior to the development of nuclear weapons. It occurred when the Mont Blanc, a French cargo ship loaded with explosives, collided with the Belgian relief ship Imo in Halifax Harbour, Canada. A fire engulfed Mont Blanc and the resulting explosion killed over 1,800 people, injured 9,000 others, and destroyed over 12,000 buildings in the city. The explosion was caused by human factors such as failure to follow safety regulations and communicate during the ship collision. To prevent future disasters, regulations were implemented and safety practices emphasized minimizing fire and explosion risks.

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    Group-25_Halifax-Explosion_25July17_Friday

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    The 1917 Halifax Explosion was one of the largest man-made explosions prior to the development of nuclear weapons. It occurred when the Mont Blanc, a French cargo ship loaded with explosives, collided with the Belgian relief ship Imo in Halifax Harbour, Canada. A fire engulfed Mont Blanc and the resulting explosion killed over 1,800 people, injured 9,000 others, and destroyed over 12,000 buildings in the city. The explosion was caused by human factors such as failure to follow safety regulations and communicate during the ship collision. To prevent future disasters, regulations were implemented and safety practices emphasized minimizing fire and explosion risks.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    22 views7 pages

    HAH Huai HUI Terng Shiue SHE

    Uploaded by

    Mahbub Hasan Rownok
    The 1917 Halifax Explosion was one of the largest man-made explosions prior to the development of nuclear weapons. It occurred when the Mont Blanc, a French cargo ship loaded with explosives, collided with the Belgian relief ship Imo in Halifax Harbour, Canada. A fire engulfed Mont Blanc and the resulting explosion killed over 1,800 people, injured 9,000 others, and destroyed over 12,000 buildings in the city. The explosion was caused by human factors such as failure to follow safety regulations and communicate during the ship collision. To prevent future disasters, regulations were implemented and safety practices emphasized minimizing fire and explosion risks.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 7

    HALIFAX

    EXPLOSION
    HAH
    HUAI TERNG
    HUI SHIUE
    SHE
    Subject : UEMK3113
    Process Safety
    and
    Management
    LAI CHARLENE
    Lecturer : Dr Sujan
    YUEN LEONG Chowdhury
    YEE
    Date : 28 July 2017,
    Friday
    LIM
    JIN YI
    Photo: Explosion Cloud.
    Source: Canadian Broadcasting
    Corporation
    • Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Explosive Quantity (kg)
    Value in 1917
    (USD, $)
    • December 6, 1917
    TNT 226,797 240,750
    • Mont Blanc collided with Imo
    Wet picric acid 1,602,519 2,230,999
    • Mont Blanc: French ship which
    carry explosive Dry picric acid 544,311 960,000

    Guncotton 56,301 65,165


    • Imo: Belgium relief ship
    Benzol 223,118 104,376

    Total 2,653,115 3,601,290

    A B O U T H A L I FA X E X P L O S I O N
     Mont Blanc did not raise its  Tsunami washed up as high as 18 m
    above the harbour's high-water mark
    warning flag
     Explosion killed more than 1800 people
     Imo travelled at the wrong side  Another 9000 are injure, buildings and
     Both refused to give way houses collapsed
     Shock wave shattered windows 80 km
     COLLISION happened followed
    away
    by FIRE then EXPLOSION  Sound of the explosion can be heard 160

     Explosion leads to TSUNAMI km away.


    n Domino Theory
    Theory of causatio
    involved in the
    Behavior Theory
    Halifax Explosion
    Accident/Incident Theory

    Human Factors Theory


    System Theory

    To prevent a similar disaster happen in future, we must be


    familiar
    • The fire and explosion properties of materials,
    • The nature of the fire and explosion process,
    • Procedures to reduce fire and explosion hazards
    Reactive
    Flammable Chemicals Chemicals
     Flammable and combustible liquids  The chemical reactivity of a
    substance can refer to the variety
    themselves do not burn. It is the
    of circumstances (conditions:
    mixture of their vapours and air that temperature, pressure, presence
    burns. of catalyst)

    TNT & Picric Acid

     Reaction front moves


    speed > sound speed, Explosions  Doesn’t require
    driving shock front combination with oxygen
    immediately  Unstable molecules
    preceding it release considerable
    energy when they split
    and recombine into new
    Detonation forms
    Damage
    Around 1161 deaths
    Estimation
    Unconfined Explosion

    9000 people wounded,


    300 blinded

    12000 buildings destroyed


    PREVENTIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

    ANALYSIS OF
    POTENTIAL
    ACCIDENTS M • MINIMIZE
    Preventive Inherently
    S • SUBSTITUTE Safer
    Strategies
    PREVENTIVE M • MODERATE Design
    PROGRAM
    S • SIMPLIFY

    ACCIDENT

    • Major tools for


    – Inerting protecting people and the
    environment.
    – Use of flammability
    • Government agency:
    Prevent diagram
    – Environmental
    fires and – Ventilation Laws
    Protection Agency (EPA)
    explosion and
    – Explosion-proof – Occupational Safety Regulations
    strategy equipment and and Health
    Administration
    instrumentation
    (OSHA)
    – Sprinkler systems – Department of
    – Miscellaneous design Homeland Security
    (DHS).
    Conclusion
    • Ships carrying explosives must be authorized
    and have a designated section
    • Accidents can be prevented if everybody
    obeys the acts and regulations

    Prevention is KEY!!!

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