Introductio

n
 A man-made disasters is a disaster resulting from
human intent, negligence, or error.

 Manmade disasters can be both intentional and

unintentional. It results in huge loss of life and
property. It further affects a person's mental,
physical and social well-being.
 Reasons For Man-Made

Disasters
There are multiple factor that
may relate to manmade
disasters

 Ignorance
 Unawareness
 Illiteracy
 Carelessly handling danger
 Chemical
 Weapons
Types of Man Made
Disasters
 Nuclear
Disaster
Nuclear disaster are the
types of disaster that falls
in this category is nuclear
bomb. When this occurs,
it is often as a result of
intent and the end results
are even more
catastrophic with a large
percentage of those
involved losing their lives.
Chemical Disasters/Industrial
Disasters
By their nature, the
manufacture, storage, and
transport of chemicals are
accidents waiting to
happen. Chemicals can be
toxic, and they may react,
often explosively. The
impacts of chemical
accidents can be deadly,
for both human being-
environments.
Fire
disasters

Bush fires, forest

fires, and mine fires
are generally started
by lightning, but also
by human negligence
or arson. They can
burn thousands of
square kilometers
Deforestation
Forest is an
important source
for satisfying
people's demands
and needs. Thus,
undoubtedly people
would try to exploit
forest resources.
This process of
exploiting forest is
called
deforestation.
Historical Examples of man made disasters
1. London’s Killer Fog
2. The Al-Mishraq Fire
3. Dioxin
Pollution
Precautions for man
made disasters
 Nuclear
Accidents:
1. One should not look at the
fire as it causes instant
blindness

2. Should close all doors and

windows as radioactivity
does not penetrate into
solid structures

3. Cover all food and water

Chemical
Agents
1. Use protective equipment.

2. Give quick and correct self-

aid when contaminated.

3. Avoid areas where

chemical agents exist.

4. Decontaminate your
equipment and body as
soon as possible.
 Fire
1. Accidents
The biggest main reason
might be poor wiring and
faulty electrical equipment,
leaking gas or carelessly
thrown cigarettes and
matches.

2. Wires should be properly

covered.

3. Inflammable things should

be kept safely.

4. Power points should not be

overloaded.
 Case
Study
Chernobyl
Disaster
 Introduction

 Chernobyl disaster is considered to be the worst

catastrophic (Manmade disaster) in history.
Chernobyl was a nuclear power plant that was
located 80 miles north of Kiev, which is now the
‘Ukraine’. Chernobyl was a part of the city
‘Pripyat’.
 What
 On 26th Happened?
April 1986, at 1:23 P.M. blast occurred
in the 4th reactor. The reactor 4 suffered
power increase leading to explosion from
core. The two engineers present in the 4th
reactor were Alexander Akimov and Leonid
Toptunov. Whereas Leonid was present at the
time of blast as he was a young engineer with
a 3 months experience.
 How did it
The happen?
obvious reason that can be stated is
‘Operator error’. Maybe the operator was not
experienced enough to control the reactor.
Another reason was that the, operator allowed
to much water flow in the tank that caused the
speed of the turbine to increase uncontrollably.
Additionally normal safety rules were not
followed. Example the regulation required at
least 15 controlled rods but at the time of the
explosion there were on 10 rods intact.
 RMBK

The Chernobyl plant showed the RBMK design characteristics. Excessive

supply of cold watch and the attachment of only 10 rods led to the explosion.
 Arial view of
the blast.

The core
of
reactor 4.
 What happened
then?
Soon after the blast the city Pirpyat was evacuated
immediately. There were 50,000 people living who
were forced to leave everything behind (Even
necessary belongings). Within hours after explosion
dozen of people fell ill and experienced headache,
metallic taste in mouth, vomiting, uncontrollable
fits. Within hours Pripyat became a ghost city.
 Effects of the
explosion
With the emitting radiations a rise was seen in
health disorders. Disease like Thyroid cancer,
mental illness, rise in abortion, various
physical disability. The rate of cancers are still
at a rise and many cases are reported every
year with a certain disability. Every year
thousands of people die in this manner.
Effects
(Continued)
Effects
(Continued)
Effects (Continued)
Effects (Continued)
 Chernobyl
today
27 years have passed but still the radiation level is
that area is so high that nobody will be able to
live there for 200 years. The whole area is sealed
by the Russian force and no individuals id
allowed to visit anywhere near the reactor. It is
said that the controller keys of reactor 4 still
remain untouched even after 27 years.