N E

A E S
L
P A P
S H
By:
Adekeye Bisola
Busayomi Oyinloye
Eni Kelechi
 IO
PO INTS TO C O VE R

AT
• 2d shapes
• Plane Shapes

W
NT
• Area and Perimeter of Plane Shapes
• Similar Shapes

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PR
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2D SH A PES / PLANE SHAPES

What are 2D shapes?

2D shapes are shapes with two dimensions, such as width and height. An example of a 2D shape is a rectangle or a
circle. 2D shapes are flat and cannot be physically held, because they have no depth; a 2D shape is completely flat.

What does 2D mean?

2D in 2D shapes stands for 2-dimensional. We normally talk about dimensions as measurements in a direction.
Examples of dimensions include length, width or breadth, depth and height.
The thin plastic shapes that are sometimes used to represent common 2D shapes are actually 3D because they do have
depth to them – even if it’s very small.
2D SHAPES PROPERTIES

2D shapes are flat and have only two dimensions of length and
width with no thickness or depth.

They have the dimensions length and width only

They only have the mathematical axes : X axis

Y axis
3D SHAPES
VS 2D
SHAPES
 2D SHA PES

• Cannot be physically held

• Has 2 dimensions
3D SH APE S
• Doesn’t have Z-axis
• Can be physically held
• Has 3 dimensions
• Has Z-axis
EXAMPLES OF 2D
SHAPES

Som et i me s know n as properties

CIRCLE
A circle is a closed 2D shape made up of a curved line with no corners or edges. Some real-
life examples of the circle are coins, wheels, and pizzas. A circle consists of various parts
like the radius, diameter, circumference, and so on.

Properties of a Circle

Observe the properties of a circle to identify it as a two-dimensional shape.

• Circles are completely round and made up of a single curved line.

• The circumference is the length of the boundary of the circle.
• The radius is the distance from the center of the circle to the boundary of the circle.
• The diameter is a line segment that goes straight across the circle, through the center. It is
the longest possible line that can be drawn inside a circle and is twice the length of the
radius.
R E C TA N G L E
A rectangle is a 2D shape with four sides in which the opposite sides are equal and parallel, and all the
four angles measure 90 ̊. Some of the real-life examples of a rectangle are table tops, blackboards,
cardboard, etc.

Rectangle Properties
•A rectangle is a quadrilateral.
•The opposite sides are parallel and equal to each other.
•Each interior angle is equal to 90 degrees.
•The sum of all the interior angles is equal to 360 degrees.
•The diagonals bisect each other.
•Both the diagonals have the same length.
 SQUARE:
A square is a 2D shape with four equal sides and each angle is equal to 90˚.
Some of the real-life examples of a square are: a loaf of bread and a chessboard.

PRO PERTIES :

• The diagonals of a square bisect each other and meet at 90°.

• The diagonals of a square bisect its angles.
• Opposite sides of a square are both parallel and equal in length.
• All four angles of a square are equal (each being 360°/4 = 90°, a
right angle).
• All four sides of a square are equal.
TRIANGLE
A triangle is a 2D shape with three sides and three vertices (corners).

PROPERTIES:
•A triangle has three sides, three angles, and three vertices.
•The sum of all internal angles of a triangle is always equal to 180°. This is called the angle sum
property of a triangle.
•The sum of the length of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the length of the third side.
REGULAR
SHAPES
IR RE GUL A
R SHAPE S
 WHAT ARE REGULAR AND IRREGULAR
SHAPES?

A regular shape is a shape, which has equal angles and equal sides - its sides are all
the same length. On the other hand, an irregular shape has sides of different
lengths and angles of different sizes. This means that when distinguishing between
regular and irregular shapes, it’s important to have a look at the shapes’ sides and
angles.

For example, children will learn about equilateral triangles and isosceles triangles.

An equilateral triangle by definition has all sides of an equal length and equal
angles, which makes it a regular shape. If you have a look at the image below, the
sides of an isosceles triangle aren’t all of the same length and its angles are
different, too. This means that an isosceles triangle is an irregular shape.
REGULAR SHAPES:

• Square
• Regular heptagon
• Equilateral Triangle IRREGULAR SHAPES:
• Regular hexagon
• Regular octagon • Triangles (except an
equilateral triangle, which
is regular)
• Rectangle
• Kite
• Irregular pentagons
 SIMIL A R SH APE S
Two figures are said to be similar if they are the same shape. In more mathematical language, two figures
are similar if their corresponding angles are congruent , and the ratios of the lengths of their
corresponding sides are equal. This common ratio is called the scale factor .
 Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs

• What is a 2d shape?
A 2d shape is a two-dimensional shape that is defined in horizontal and vertical axes (x-axis and y-axis). 2d
shapes are flat figures that have only length and width. These shapes do not have thickness or height.

• What are the basic 2d shapes?

The basic 2d shapes are triangle, circle, square, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, etc.

• What is the shape of the cylinder?

A cylinder is a 3d shape that has two parallel bases and lateral sides. The two bases are circular in shape.
• What is the difference between 2d shapes and 3d shapes?
2d shapes do not have height or thickness but 3d shapes have height.

• How many sides does a pentagon have?

A pentagon is a 2d shape that has five sides.

• What type of shape is a line?

A line is a one-dimensional shape.

• What are real-life examples of 2d shapes?

There are many examples in real-life we can see for 2d shapes, such as:
A ring (Circle)
A square shaped plate
Tiles
A piece of pizza (triangle)