Observation

• Observation is the process of recognizing and noting people, objects

and occurrences rather than asking for information.
Uses Of Observation
• To study people in their natural setting without their behavior being
influenced by your presence.
• This data usually consist of detailed information about particular
groups or situation
• A lot of what people do, they take for granted. They do it naturally
they are not aware of it.
• Observation allows for the interaction between members of group.
• Observation involves the study of group or situation over time, thus
revealing changes.
Example
Types of Observational data
• Covert Observational Research
You do not identify as a researcher. Hence the subject mater is not
influenced by your presence.
Researcher Participation
You Directly Participate in what you are observing so as to get finer
idea of the phenomenon.
Other choices of observation method of collection data
On The basis of Degree of structure

Degree of structure

Structured Unstructured
On the basis of degree of disguise
• Disguised: The subject are not aware that they are being observed.
• Undisguised :The subject are aware that they are being observed.

On the basis of setting

i. Contrived: The subject are observed in an environment that has
been specially designed for recording their behavior.
ii. Natural setting:
On the basis of method of administration
 Method Of Direct Observation
• There are two types of observation