ALCOHOLIS

M&
SMOKING
CAUSES &
EFFECTS
Alcoholism is a disease or disorder of behavior
characterized by repeated drinking of alcoholic
beverages. It is also defined as the habitual drinking
of alcoholic liquor to excess, or a diseased condition
caused by alcoholic liquors.
 
An alcoholic is a person who indulges in heavy
uncontrolled drinking to the detriment of the
person’s health and personality.
 
Alcoholic Beverages:
 
1. WINE - CONTAINS 10-20% ALCOHOL

2. BEER- CONTAINS 3-5% ALCOHOL

3. WHISKY, BRANDY, GIN, RUM, VODKA, AND

LIQUORS – USUALLY CONTAINS 40-55%
ALCOHOL
Effects of Alcohol in Blood:
 
Drinking too much alcohol can raise blood pressure to
unhealthy levels. Having more than three drinks in one sitting
temporarily increases your blood pressure, but repeated
binge drinking can lead to long-term increases.
 
1. 0.1% - noticeable breath odor
2. 0.2% - clumsy movement
3. 0.3% - staggering gait (manner of walking)
4. 0.4% - helplessness
Reasons why people become alcoholic (Primary
Health Care Teaching Manual)
 
1. feeling lonely or depressed
2. forgetting problems
3. acceptance by peer group
4. outlet for anger, anxiety, boredom
5. macho image (male)
6. as a recreation, then a habit, then a
vice or addiction
 
Different ailments directly caused by drinking:
 
1. Alcoholic liver cirrhosis
Alcoholic hepatitis is a condition caused by continued alcohol use
that results in long-term (chronic) inflammation in
your liver. Alcoholic cirrhosis is an advanced stage of alcoholic liver
disease that causes your liver to become stiff, swollen, and barely able
to do its job.

2. Lung cancer
Alcohol abuse can also decrease the body's ability to fight off
infection and increase the risk of bacteria spreading into the trachea
(windpipe) and lungs. The intoxicating effects of alcohol can
cause lung inflammation and impair a person's gag and cough
reflexes, increasing the risk for pneumonia.
 
3. Ulcers/cancer of the intestines
Studies in recent years have found a correlation between
drinking alcohol and the development of peptic ulcers – open
sores that can occur along the lining of the stomach. Ulcers
are incredibly painful, and they can also cause nausea,
bloating, and a heartburn sensation. 

Regular, heavy alcohol use can damage the

liver, leading to inflammation and scarring, which might be
why it raises the risk of liver cancer. Colon and
rectal cancer: Alcohol use has been linked with a higher risk
of cancers of the colon and rectum.
 
Disadvantages of Alcoholism/alcoholic. He/she
would:
 
1. have less interest in life and no more
ambition.
2. have a slower reaction.
3. be pessimistic.
4. have less capacity for creative work
and thought.
5. be no longer aware of what is
happening in his/her surroundings.
Advantages of alcohol IF taken in
MODERATION. A person can:
 
1. have a good appetite
2. have a sound sleep at night.
3. have more energy for creative work.
 
Alcohol in the body:
 
The alcohol, once taken into the body, is circulated to the veins
and mixes with the blood. It is not digested; the blood receives
or absorbs it without any change. The blood delivers alcohol to
the brain, liver, muscles, and other body tissues.
 
An alcoholic person has no appetite, since alcohol irritates the
lining of the stomach and upsets its normal activities, hence
ulcer may result. An alcoholic actually starves himself or
herself during long periods of excessive drinking.
 
SMOKING
There are 500 chemical compounds contained in tobacco smoke,
many of which are known as carcinogens, or cancer-causing agents.
The smoke released is made up of gases, organic vapors, and
particulate matters, which include tar and nicotine.
 
Considering the chemical composition of tobacco smoke, the
physical effects of smoking in the body are not surprising; such as
lung cancer, heart disease, respiratory disorders, peptic ulcers,
and cardiovascular illness. Because of such, Republic Act 9211,
also known as the Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003, is an omnibus
law regulating smoking in public places, tobacco advertising,
promotion and sponsorship, and sales restrictions, among other
requirements.
In a lecture of Dr. Limpin of the Philippine Heart Center, he
gave some information about smoking which are the
following:
 
Already kills one in every 10 adults worldwide;

By 2030 the proportion will be one in six, or 10 million deaths

per year;

Until recently, this epidemic of chronic diseases and premature

death mainly affected the
rich countries but is now rapidly shifting to the developing
world;

Most preventable health crisis of all.

Major health consequences of smoking:

Lung

Mouth, larynx, throat, etc

Cervix

Bladder
Facts:
 
Lung Cancer is the no.1 cause of cancer deaths. (Smoking as
a major factor, and passive smoking playing a major role
among non-smokers)
 
MAINSTREAM SMOKE - is smoke that is inhaled through
a smoker’s mouth.

SIDESTREAM SMOKE - is a smoke that drifts off at the

end of the cigarette.

SECONDHAND SMOKE - also known as passive smoker is

one who inhales side stream smoke
 
Passive smoking is the involuntary exposure of nonsmokers to
the burning cigarettes with smoking components exhaled by
the active smoker.
 
Passive evidence of second-hand smoke on non-smokers who
live with smokers are:
20-30% increased risk of developing cancer, particularly lung
cancer.
20-30% increased risk of developing heart disease
 
Side-stream Smoke is dangerous because it produces 6 times
the pollution of a busy highway when in a crowded room.
 
There are 4,000 chemicals in cigarette smoke – 60 of which are cancer
inducing substances, such as
Nicotine (an intake of 60mg can kill-each stick has 15-20mg)

Tar (an irritating and cancer-causing substance)

Ammonia (makes smokers addicted)

Carbon monoxide (also found in car smoke)

Cadmium (highly toxic, found in car batteries- can cause liver, kidney, and
brain damage)

Lead (stunts growth and causes brain damage)

Arsenic (a well-known poison such as pesticides)

Health Consequences of Smoking
 
- Addiction
- Fatal Disabling Diseases
- Cancer
 
Smokers look older than their age. Smoking reduces
the blood supply to the skin, causing wrinkles, and
lowers level of vitamin A.
Smoke can easily damage our eyes since we have
sensitive blood vessels.