MODULE 4 - WELD JOINT GEOMETRY AND

WELDING SYMBOLS

WELDING INSPECTION
TECHNOLOGY
FIVE BASIC JOINTS USED IN WELDED METAL

 BUTT JOINT APPLICABLE WELDS & WELD

SYMBOLS
BEVEL GROOVE
FLARE BEVEL
GROOVE
FLARE V GROOVE
J GROOVE
SQUARE GROOVE
U GROOVE
EDGE WELD
SCARF (FOR BRAZE JOINT)
 CORNER JOINT
APPLICABLE WELDS & WELD SYMBOLS

FILLET WELD
BEVEL GROOVE
FLARE BEVEL GROOVE
FLARE V GROOVE
J GROOVE
SQUARE GROOVE
U GROOVE
EDGE WELD
PLUG

SPOT SLOT
SEAM V GROOVE
PROJECTION
 T-JOINT APPLICABLE WELDS & WELD
SYMBOLS
FILLET WELD

BEVEL-GROOVE

FLARE V-GROOVE

J-GROOVE
SQUARE-
GROOVE
SLOT

SPOT PROJECTION

SEAM PLUG
 LAP JOINT
APPLICABLE WELD & WELD SYMBOLS

FILLET

BEVEL-GROOVE

FLARE V-GROOVE

J-GROOVE

SQUARE-GROOVE
PLUG
SLOT
PROJECTION
SPOT
SEAM
 EDGE JOINT
APPLICABLE WELDS & WELD
SYMBOL
BEVEL-GROOVE

FLARE-BEVEL-GROOVE
FLARE-V-GROOVE

J-GROOVE

SQUARE GROOVE

U-GROOVE

V-GROOVE

EDGE
WHAT ARE MEMBERS ?
 THE INDIVIDUAL WORKPIECE OF A JOINT

3 CLASSIFICATIONS
 BUTTING MEMBER- IS “ AJOINT MEMBER THAT IS PREVENTED BY
THE
OTHER MEMBER FROM MOVEMENT IN ONE DIRECTION
PERPENDICULAR
TO ITS THICKNESS”.

 NONBUTTING MEMBER- IS “ AJOINT MEMBER THAT IS FREE TO

MOVE IN
ANY DIRECTION PERPENDICULAR TO ITS THICKNESS DIMENSION”.

 SPLICE MEMBER- IS “ THE WORKPIECE THAT SPANS THE JOINT IN A

SPLICE JOINT”.
 BUTTING & NONBUTTING MEMBERS

BUTTING
MEMBERS

NONBUTTING MEMBERS
EDGE SHAPES OF MEMBERS
(A) SQUARE EDGE SHAPE
(B) SINGLE-BEVEL EDGE SHAPE
APPLICABLE WELDS
 DOUBLE BEVEL GROOVE
 DOUBLE-BEVEL-FLARE-GROOVE
 DOUBLE-J-GROOVE
 SINGLE-BEVEL-GROOVE
 SINGLE-FLARE-BEVEL-GROOVE
 SINGLE-J-GROOVE
 SQUARE-GROOVE
 EDGE
 FILLET
APPLICABLE WELDS
 SINGLE-BEVEL GROOVE
 SINGLE V-GROOVE
(C) DOUBLE BEVEL EDGE SHAPE APPLICABLE WELDS
 DOUBLE-BEVEL-GROOVE
 DOUBLE-V-GROOVE

(D) SINGLE-J-GROOVE EDGE SHAPE APPLICABLE WELDS

 SINGLE-J-GROOVE
 SINGLE-U-GROOVE

(E) DOUBLE-J-GROOVE EDGE SHAPE APPLICABLE WELDS

 DOUBLE-J-GROOVE
 DOUBLE-U-GROOVE
(F) FLANGE EDGE SHAPE APPLICABLE WELDS
 DOUBLE-FLARE-BEVEL-GROOVE
 SINGLE-FLARE-V-GROOVE
 EDGE
 FILLET
 PROJECTION
 SEAM
 SPOT

(G) ROUND EDGE SHAPE APPLICABLE WELDS

 DOUBLE-FLARE-BEVEL-
GROOVE
OR  DOUBLE-FLARE-V-GROOVE
PARTS OF A WELD JOINT

 JOINT ROOT
 GROOVE FACE
 ROOT FACE
 ROOT OPENING
 BEVEL
 BEVEL ANGLE
 GROOVE ANGLE
 GROOVE RADIUS
PARTS OF A WELD JOINT (ILLUSTRATED)

ROOT
OPENING ROOT FACE

GROOVE ANGLE
BEVEL ANGLE

ROOT EDGE
GROOVE FACE
GROOVE
RADIUS

DEPTH OF BEVEL
BEVEL
TYPES OF WELDS
 GROOVE WELDS- A WELD MADE IN A GROOVE BETWEEN THE
WORKPIECE

 FILLET WELDS- A WELD OF APPROXIMATELY TRAINGULAR CROSS

SECTION
JOINING TWO SURFACES APPROXIMATELY AT RIGHT ANGLES TO
EACH
OTHER IN A LAP JOINT.

 PLUG WELD – A WELD MADE IN A CIRCULAR HOLE IN ONE MEMBER

OF A
JOINT FUSINF THAT MEMBER TO ANOTHER MEMBER.

 SLOT WELD – A WELD MADE IN AN ELONGATED HOLE IN ONE

MEMBER OF
A JOINT FUSING THAT MEMBER TO ANOTHER MEMBER.

 STUD WELD
 SPOT WELD – A WELD MADE BETWEEN AND UPON OVERLAPPING
MEMBERS IN W/C COALESCENCEMAY START AND OCCUR ON THE
FAYING SURFACES OR MAY BEGIN FROM THE OUTER SURFACE OF ONE
MEMBER.

 PROJECTION WELD – ARE MADE USING THE RESISTANCE WELDING

PROCESS.

 SEAM WELD – IS A CONTINOUS WELD MADE BETWEEN OR UPON

OVERLAPPING MEMBERS.

 BACK WELD – A WELD MADE AT THE BACK OF A SINGLE GROOVE

WELD.

 BACKING WELD – APPLIED AFTER THE FRONT SIDE IS WELDED, WHILE

THE
BACKING WELD IS DEPOSITED BEFORE WELDING THE FRONT SIDE.
 SURFACING WELD – A WELD APPLIED TOA SURFACE, AS OPPOSED
TO
MAKING AJOINT, TO OBTAIN DESIRED PROPERTIES OR
DIMENSIONS.

 EDGE WELD – A WELD IN AN EDGE JOINT, A FLANGED BUTT JOINT,

OR A
FLANGED CORNER JOINT IN WHICH THE FULL THICKNESS OF THE
MEMBERS ARE FUSED.
 COMPLETED GROOVE WELD TERMS
WELD FACE

FACE
REINFORCEME
NT GROOVE WELD MADE BEFORE
BACK WELD WELDING OTHER SIDE
WELD ROOT
TOE REINFORCEMEN
T

WELD ROOT
WELD ROOT
WELD ROOT ROOT
BACKING WELD SURFACE
COMPLETED FILLET WELD WELD TERMS

WELD FACE

LEG

LEG
WELD ROOT

WELD TOE
FILLET WELD
FUSION & PENETRATION
(A) GROOVE WELD
DEPTH OF FUSION FACE
(C) FILLET WELD
FUSION

FUSION
FACE
WELD INTERFACE
DEPTH
(B) SURFACING WELD OF
FUSION

WELD INTERFACE
DEPTH OF
FUSION WELD INTERFACE FUSION FACE
 (D) INCOMPLETE PENETRATION
ROOT JOINT PENETRATION
PENETRATION GROOVE WELD SIZE

INCOMPLETE JOINT PENETRATION (F) INCOMPLETE JOINT

PENETRATION

(E) COMPLETE JOINT

PENETRATION
 WELD SIZING
(A) CONVEX FILLET WELD SIZE
ACTUAL CONVEXITY
THROAT
EFFECTIVE
LEG & WELD
THROAT
SIZE
(C) UNEQUAL FILLET WELD
THEORETICAL LEG & SIZE
THROAT FILLET WELD SIZE
(B) CONCAVE
ACTUAL THROAT &
EFFECTIVE THROAT CONCAVITY LEG & SIZE

LEG
SIZE

WELD ROOT
THEORETICAL THROAT
WELDING SYMBOL & WELD SYMBOL

 WELD SYMBOL – IDENTIFIES EACH SPECIFIC TYPE OF WELD

AND IS
ONLY PART OF THE TOTAL INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE
WELDING SYMBOL.

 WELDING SYMBOL – INDICATES THE TOTAL SYMBOL, INCLUDING

ALL
THE INFORMATION APPLIED TO IT, TO SPECIFY THE WELD(S)
REQUIRED.
 ELEMENTS OF A WELDING SYMBOL
GROOVE ANGLE, INCLUDED ANGLE
OF COUNTERSINK FOR PLUG
FINISH SYMBOL WELDS
ROOT OPENING, DEPTH OF FILLING
CONTOUR SYMBOL FOR PLUG & SLOT WELDS
GROOVE WELD SIZE F LENGTH OF WELD
PITCH (CENTER-TO-CENTER
DEPTH OF BEVEL,SIZE OR
STRENGTH FOR CERTAIN
A SPACING) OF WELDS
FIELD WELD
WELDS R SYMBOL
SPECIFICATIO
S(E) { } L-P
OTHER
N, PROCESS SIDES WELD ALL
OR OTHER
SIDE AROUND
REFERENCE T SYMBOL
{SIDES ARROW
}
SIDE

(N)
WELD SYMBOL
NUMBER OF SPOT, SEAM, ARROW
STUD, PLUG, SLOT, OR CONNECTING
PROJECTION WELDS REFERENCE LINE TO
ARROW SIDE
MEMBER OF JOINT
ELEMENTS IN THIS AREA REMAIN AS OR ARROW SIDE OF
SHOWN WHEN TAIL ARROW ARE REFERENCEJOINT
LINE
REVERSED
WELD SYMBOLS (CONTINUED)
OTHER SIDE

ARROW SIDE OF JOINT ARROW SIDE

(OTHER SIDE)

OTHER SIDE OF
JOINT
OTHER OTHER SIDE
SIDE OF ARROW SIDE
(OTHER SIDE) JOINT ARROW SIDE OF JOINT
(ARROW SIDE)
NOTE: BREAK IN THE ARROW POINTING TO MEMBER TO BE
THIRD OPERATION PREPARED

SECOND OPERATION OTHER SIDE

ARROW SIDE
FIRST OPERATION
ARROW
OTHER SIDE OF
SIDE OF JOINT
JOINT
APPLICATION OF WELD SYMBOLS
(A) LENGTH & PITCH OF CHAIN INTERMITTENT
WELDS
2-4
4 4
2-4

2 2 2
(B) LENGTH & PITCH OF STAGGERED INTERMITTENT
WELDS
3 10 3-10
3-10

3 3
(C) FILLET WELD IN HOLE (OR SLOT) A

SECTION A-A

(D) DOUBLE FILLET WELD SYMBOLS FOR TWO JOINTS A

1/4
3/16

3/8
5/16
(E) PLUG OR SLOT WELD SIZE
1/2

1/2

(F) INCLUDED ANGLE OF COUNTERSINK

45
45

(G) PITCH AND NUMBER

3
3 3 3 3 1 (5)
1

5 WELDS REQUIRED