TRIGONOMETR

IC RATIOS

Presented by: Aditya Badhwar

Class: X-A
Roll no: 3
 DEFINITION
 Trigonometric Ratios are defined as the values
of all the trigonometric functions based on the
value of the ratio of sides in a right-angled
triangle. The ratios of sides of a right-angled
triangle with respect to any of its acute angles
are known as the trigonometric ratios of that
particular angle. 
 TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS
 The six trigonometric ratios are sine (sin), cosine (cos),
tangent (tan), cotangent (cot), cosecant (cosec) and
secant (sec).
 The trigonometry ratios for a specific angle ‘θ’ is given

Trigonometric Ratios
Sin θ Opposite Side to θ/Hypotenuse
Cos θ Adjacent Side to θ/Hypotenuse
Tan θ Opposite Side/Adjacent Side & Sin θ/Cos θ
Cot θ Adjacent Side/Opposite Side & 1/tan θ
Sec θ Hypotenuse/Adjacent Side & 1/cos θ

Cosec θ Hypotenuse/Opposite Side & 1/sin θ

FINDING ANGLES WITH THE
HELP OF TRIGONOMETRIC
RATIOS
 As we know Trigonometry helps in finding the missing sides or
missing angles of Right Angled Triangle . So let’s practice
some questions.
 Q1 The ladder leans against a wall as shown. What is
the angle between the ladder and the wall?
 Sol We know that the side of opposite angle
(x)=2.5 and the Hypotenuse is 5
So we have to use Sine.
Put the Values,
Sin(x)=0.5
x = sin-1(0.5) x=30°
 TRIGONOMETRIC
RATIOS TABLE
 From the table, we can find the value for the
trigonometric ratios for these angles. Examples are:
 Sin 30° = ½
 Cos 90° = 0
 Tan 45° = 1
Angle 0°      30°     45°    60°   90°
Sin C 0 1/2 1/√2 √3/2 1
Cos C 1 √3/2 1/√2 1/2 0
Tan C 0 1/√3 1 √3 ∞
Cot C ∞ √3 1 1/√3 0
Sec C 1 2/√3 √2 2 ∞
Cosec C ∞ 2 2 2/√3 1
 APPLICATIONS OF
TRIGONOMETRY
 Trigonometry is one of the most important branches of
mathematics. Some of the applications of trigonometry
are:
 Measuring the heights of towers or big mountains
 Determining the distance of the shore from the sea
 Finding the distance between two celestial bodies
 Determining the power output of solar cell panels at
different inclinations
 Representing different physical quantities such as
mechanical waves, electromagnetic waves, etc.
 SOLVED PROBLEMS
 Q1 If in a right-angled triangle ABC, right-angled at B,
hypotenuse AC = 5cm, base BC = 3cm and perpendicular
AB = 4cm and if ∠ACB = θ, then find tan θ, sin θ and cos θ.
 Sol  Given, 

In ∆ABC, 
Hypotenuse, AC = 5cm 
Base, BC = 3cm 
Perpendicular, AB = 4cm
Then, 
tan θ = Perpendicular/Base = 4/3
Sin θ = Perpendicular/Hypotenuse = AB/AC = ⅘
Cos θ = Base/Hypotenuse = BC/AC = ⅗
 SOLVED PROBLEMS
 Q2 Find the value of tan θ if sin θ = 12/5 and cos θ =
⅗.
 Sol  Given, sin θ = 12/5 and cos θ = ⅗

As we know,
Tan θ = Sin θ/Cos θ
Tan θ = (12/5)/(⅗)
Tan θ = 12/3
Tan θ = 4
 SOLVED PROBLEMS
 Q3 Find the size of angle a°
 Sol  The two sides we know are

 Adjacent (6,750),Hypotenuse (8,100).

we must use Cosine.
Calculate Adjacent / Hypotenuse = 6,750/8,100 = 0.8333
Find the angle using cos-1 of 0.8333
cos a° = 6,750/8,100 = 0.8333
cos-1 of 0.8333 = 33.6°
 SOLVED PROBLEMS
 Q4 Find the angle of elevation of the plane from point A
on the ground.
 Sol Given, Opposite side=300,

Adjacent side =400 . So we have to use Tangent

Tan x° =opposite/adjacent = 300/400=0.75
Use tan-1 of 0.75= 36.9 °