ELECTRICAL SAFETY IN INDUSTRIES

ELECTRICAL SAFETY
TOP PRIORITY AREA
 No warning
 Probability for fatality high
 Minimum 15 persons die out of electric
shock every day
 35% of the fires are due to electricity
 ELECTRICAL HAZARD
CONSEQUENCES
 Electric Shock
 Electrical Burns
 Electrical Fire & Explosion
 ELECTRICAL SHOCK
 VOLTAGE
 CURRENT
 RESISTANCE
 VOLTAGE
 Low voltage (Up to 250 V)
 Medium Voltage (Up to 650 V)
 High Voltage(Up to 33 KV)
 Extra High Voltage(Above 33 KV)
 ELECTRIC CURRENT
 Magnitude
 Duration
 Type
 Frequency
 ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE
 Opposition offered to the flow of current
 Metals
 Wood
 Rubber
 Oil
 HUMAN BODY RESISTANCE

 Dry Body Resistance( 1 to 4 Lakh Ohm)

 Wet Body Resistance (1000 Ohm)
 Ear to Ear (100 Ohm)
 ELECTRIC SHOCK
CONTRIBUTING FACTORS
 Magnitude of current through the body
 Type of current (AC/DC)
 Frequency
 Voltage
 Resistance offered by the body(Natural/Artificial)
 Path selected through the body(Hand/leg/Heart)
 Sex(Male/Female)
 Mental State
 EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON
HUMAN BODY
 0.4 mA Slight Sensation
 1.0 mA Perception Threshold
 1.8 mA Painless Shock/Muscular Control
not lost
 9.0 mA Shock Painful/ Muscular Control not
lost
 16.0mA Let go Threshold
 23.0 mA Muscular Contraction/Breathing
Difficulty
 >30.0mA Possible Ventricular Fibrillation
 ELECTRICAL SHOCK
CONTROL OF CONSEQUENCES
 By increasing the Body
resistance(Natural/Artificial)
 By reducing the duration of flow of electric
current
 By providing a low resistance path to the
earth and diverting the current away from
the body
 By maintaining safe separation distance
 ELECTRICAL SAFETY
MANAGEMENT
 SCIENCE AND ART
 Control of Equipment Performance
 Control of Material Performance
 Control of Machine Performance
 Control of MAN Performance
 ELECTRICAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT
PROACTIVE APPROACH
ENGINEERING CONTROL MEASURES
 Safe Design
 Safe Construction
 Safe Transportation
 Safe Selection
 Safe Erection & Commissioning
 Safe Protection
 Safe Operation & Maintenance
 ELECTRICAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT
PROACTIVE APPROACH
PROCEDURAL CONTROL MEASURES
Human Performance
(Recruitment,Selection,Induction,Training,
Devolopment,Motivation,Supervision,
Discipline,Information,Instruction)
Work Methods/Procedures/Permit Systems
Provision/Usage of PPE
 ELECTRICAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT
REACTIVE APPROACH

 Emergency Plan
 Emergency Equipment
 First Aid Treatment
 Fire Fighting Systems
 INDIAN ELECTRICITY RULES
 11 Chapters
 Preliminary (Definitions)
 Inspectors (Qualifications& Powers)
 Licence (Application,Approval)
 General Safety Requirements
 General conditions (Supply & use of energy)
 LV & MV Systems
 HV & EHV Systems
 O/H lines, U/G cables, Generating Stations
 Electric Tractions
 Additional Precautions (Mines, Oil fields)
 Miscellaneous (Penalties& Procedures)
 RULE 3
 Manager to authorize competent persons
 Rule 3(6)
 Registered factory with more than 250KW
connected load to authorize persons to ensure the
compliance of safety provisions of IE Rules
 Rule 3(7)
 To appoint safety Officer by supplier
 Rule 29
 Construction, installation,
protection ,operation and maintenance of
supply lines and apparatus to ensure the
safety of human, animals and property
 Rule 30
 The supplier to ensure the safety of his lines
and apparatus at consumers premises
 Rule 31
 Supplier to provide cut out at consumers premises.
 Rule 32
 Earthed neutral to be identified
 Not to provide cut out in neutral
 Rule 33
 Supplier to provide earthed terminal at consumers
premises
 In HV and EHV the consumer should also provide
earthed terminal
 Rule 34
 Owner to ensure that the bare conductors are
inaccessible
 Switches to be readily accessible for disconnection
 Rule 35
 In MV,HV and EHV Systems Danger notices in
three languages (Every generator, motor,
transformer, support structures of HV and EHV
systems)
 Rule 36
 Before handling lines and apparatus proper
isolation and earthling to be ensured by the
authorized person
 All PPE to be provided and used
 All tools to be inspected periodically
 Rule 37
 For traveling cranes suitable switches to cut off all
voltages in single operation
 Rails to be electrically continuous and earthed
 Rule 38
 Cables of portable electrical equipment to be
heavily insulated and protected from mechanical
injury
 Rule 40
 Street boxes to be protected from water/gas
ingress
 Rule 41
 Identification of different circuits, voltage
levels, double feeding
 Rule 43
 First aid boxes
 Fire extinguishers
 Gas Masks
 Artificial respirators
Rule 44
Instructions for restoration of persons suffering
from electric shock (Training, competence)
 Rule 44A
 Intimation of accidents within 24 Hrs. and report
within 48 Hrs.
 Rule 45
 Addition, Alteration ,Repair only by a licensed
contractor under the direct supervision of a
supervisor holding a competency certificate

 Rule 46
 Installation to be inspected and tested once
in 5 years by the inspector
 Rule 47
 The supplier to test the installation of the
consumer before the commencement of the
supply /before the recommencement after
the break of 6 months
 Rule 47A
 Generating plant of capacity 10KW and
above, equipment should not be
commissioned without the written approval
of the inspector.
 Rule 48
 Precaution against leakage before connection
 Insulation resistance of 1MEGA OHM between
the live conductor and earth (1Minute)(LV/MV
equipments)(500VDC)
 Insulation resistance of 5MEGA OHM between
the live conductor and earth (1Minute)(HV
equipments)(2.5KV DC)