WELCOME TO THE OPENING

OF CLASSES FOR SY
2021-2022
 PRAYER BEFORE THE CLASS
 Dear Lord and Father of all,
Thank you for today.Thank you for ways in which you
provide for us all.For Your protection and love we thank
you.Help us to focus our hearts and minds now on what we
are about to learn.Inspire us by Your Holy Spirit as we listen
and write.Guide us by your eternal light as we discover more
about the world around us. We ask all this in the name of
Jesus.“Amen.
 WHAT TO OBSERVE DURING ONLINE
CLASS
. Attend classes on time/ regularly
. Wear white T shirt / with print with white background
. Use your real name and latest picture
. Stable internet connection
. Suitable location for online class
 WHAT TO OBSERVE DURING ONLINE
CLASS
. REMINDERS BEFORE CLASS
• Mute your microphoe
• All of you are encourage to turn on your cameras
• “raise hand “ unmute before speaking
• Use chat box for questions
 GRADING SYSTEM
50 % written works quizzes/ summative test
50% performance task
activity to be submitted at the end of the class
recitation
attendance
behavior observed during online class
performance task
 What we should know about EARTH
SCIENCE 10
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES
* Describe and relate the distribution of active
volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and major mountain
belts to Plate Tectonics Theory
Our country is blessed with so many land features such as
mountains and volcanoes. These features can be sources of
different minerals or can be used for agricultural purposes. For
example, we have the majestic and world renowned Mayon
Volcano. Because of its activity, it produces fertile slopesand
plains which are used by the locals to grow their crops. Also,
found in the northeastern coast of Luzon, we have the Sierra
Madre mountain range which is home to many endemic
species of flora and fauna
+ Thelithosphere (solid part of the Earth) is
composed of three major layers, the crust
(outermost layer), the mantle (the middles
layer), and the core (the innermost layer )
THE CONVECTION CELL
+ The Earth’s crust is composed of several broken plates that move
continuously. These movements are caused by the properties and
processes that occur in the Earth’s interior. Due to intense heat in the
Earth’s interior, the molten rock (magma) in the mantle moves in a
cyclic pattern forming convection cells . In the cell, the warmer
material from the lower layer of the mantle near the core rises. As it
rises, moving away from the core, it slowly cools down and
eventually sinks again and is replaced by the rising warmer material
forming a never-ending cycle. This movement is extremely slow that
its effects can only be discerned after thousands or millions of years.
 Theories on the movement of the
:
lithosphere
1.Continental Drift theory (Alfred Wegener)
- This theory states that the Earth was once composed of only one
supercontinent called Pangaea. Through time, this supercontinent
split into two sub-continents, Laurasia and Gondwanaland.
Million years further, Laurasia split into a few smaller continents
forming the continents in the northern hemisphere of the Earth.
This includes Asia, Europe, North America, South America, and
Africa. On the other hand, the continents of the southern
hemisphere, Australia and Antarctica, are the two continents
divided from Gondwanaland.
2. Seafloor Spreading Theory
- Proposed by Harry Hess of Princeton University
States that the seafloor is continuously spreading and the extra
crust gets recycled into the mantle.
3.Plate Tectonics Theory
- States that the crust is composed of different plates which
move either towards, away or past each other.
- The modern version of the Continental Drift Theory

-
 Plate Tectonics
Is a theory which suggests that Earth’s crust is made
up of plates that interact with various ways thus
producing earthquakes mountains ,volcanoes and
other geologic features .Plates are rigid sections of the
lithosphere that move as a unit
How are plates related to mountain
formation , earthquakes and volcanism?
They are usually found at plate edges as
the plates move because they are in
constant motion, they interact along
their margins geologic processes takes
place
How are plates related to mountain
formation , earthquakes and volcanism?
They are usually found at plate edges as the
plates move because they are in constant
motion, they interact along their margins
geologic processes takes place
Place movements may result in earthquakes,
it can happen anytime it can be Volcanic or
Tectonic . If it occurs under the sea then it
can cause tsunami.
Philippines is situated in a place
where Plate Tectonics is very
evident – the Ring of Fire, a long
chain of volcanoes , tectonically
active structures that surrounds the
Pacific ocean
The Pacific Ring of Fire stretches
across 15 more countries including
Indonesia, New Zealand, Papau
New Guinea, Philippines, Japan,
United States, Chile, Canada,
Guatemala, Russia and Peru