STATISTICS AND

PROBABILITY

Quarter 3 - Module 1:
Random Variables
 Welcome to the
wonderful world of
statistics and
probability!
 What is your
understanding of the
word statistics?
STATISTICS
It is a branch of mathematics that deals with collecting,
analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data.

Statistics helps in gathering information,

understanding patterns, and making inferences about
the world around us.
Today we will...
illustrate a random variable (discrete and continuous)

distinguish between a discrete and a continuous random variable

find the possible values of random variables

 Determine whether the following has
discrete or continuous random variable.
• The average grade in General Math among Grade 11
students.
• The temperature in a certain city on a particular week
• Number of credit cards issued by a bank.
• The average allowance of five (5) Grade 12 students
• Number of students who passed the DOST scholarship exam
• The expenses of five (5) employees in a domestic trip
• The winning numbers in a mega lotto draw for today
• Length of sleeps of a baby in a number of hours in the
hospital
• Ranks of Bar passers
• Length in life extension of a cancer patient
Random Variable
Variable
a specific characteristic or attribute with the
population of interests that varies or changes
to any individual or things.

Examples are:
height and weight
Emotional Quotient
religion
number of school organizations
number of students
 Variable may be:
Categorical or Numerical or
Qualitative Quantitative
Variables that are Variables that are
classified to some classified according to
attributes or categories numerical characteristics

gender, religion, political temperature, height,

affiliations, academic weight, average grade,
courses, blood type, civil scores, daily allowance,
status, classroom average internet
advisory consumption
 Numerical or Quantitative
variable can be:
Discrete Continuous
variable variable
variables whose values variable whose values are
are obtained by counting obtained by using
measurement
number of children who
received polio vaccine, temperature, height,
number of males and weight, age, distance, IQ,
females who are enrolled, daily expenses
number of PUJ and PUB
RANDOM
VARIABLE
Variables whose values are determined by chance or
random event. Usually, letters in the alphabet are
commonly used to represent random variables.
For Example
In tossing two coins, one may use capital letter X, to
denote a random variable in the statistical experiment,
this can be illustrated in the possible outcomes as:

X = {HH, TT, TH, HT}

For Example
A box contains three red ballpen, and two black ballpen.
Two pens are drawn in successions without replacement.
Find the possible outcomes and the values y of the
random variable Y, where Y is the number of red
ballpens.

Y = {RR, RB, BR, BB}

Determine whether each of the following has discrete or
continuous random variable.
• Number of foreigners migrating to the Philippines every year for the last five (5)
years.
• John's height is 165.4 cm.
• Number of vaccines prescribed by a physician to 5 clinics.
• The boiling point of water is one-hundred degree celcius.
• The volume of soft drink bottle is 1 liter.
• The monthly income of five (5) working mothers.
• In a driving competition, the first driver received a score of 9.5.
• There are 51 students in Grade 12 section Plato.
• My father bought three (3) bottles of red wine with different costs.
• My brother Bimbo was 10 pounds when he was born.
 Word Problem:
Two hairpins are drawn in succession without replacement from the box containing 4
yellow hairpins and 3 blue hairpins. Complete the table to find the sample
space/possible outcomes and the values z of the random variable Z, where Z is the
number of yellow hairpin.
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Thank you!

Ms. Anna Marie O. Pelandas, MAEd

Teacher II