Polygons The word

‘polygon’ is a
Greek word.
Poly means
many and
gon means
angles.
 Polygons

• The word polygon means

“many angles”
• A two dimensional object
• A closed figure

Polygons
 More about Polygons
• Made up of three or more
straight line segments
• There are exactly two sides that
meet at a vertex
• The sides do not cross each other

Polygons
Examples of Polygons

Polygons
These are not Polygons

Polygons
 Terminology

Side: One of the line segments

that make up a polygon.
Vertex: Point where two sides
meet.

Polygons
 Vertex

Side

Polygons
• Interior angle: An angle formed by
two adjacent sides inside the
polygon.
• Exterior angle: An angle formed by
two adjacent sides outside the
polygon.

Polygons
 Exterior angle

Interior angle

Polygons
Let us recapitulate

Exterior angle

Vertex

Side

Diagonal
Interior angle
Polygons
 Types of Polygons

• Equiangular Polygon: a polygon in

which all of the angles are equal
• Equilateral Polygon: a polygon in
which all of the sides are the same
length

Polygons
• Regular Polygon: a polygon
where all the angles are equal
and all of the sides are the
same length. They are both
equilateral and equiangular

Polygons
Examples of Regular Polygons

Polygons
A convex polygon: A polygon whose each
of the interior angle measures less than
180°.

If one or more than one angle in a polygon

measures more than 180° then it is known
as concave polygon. (Think: concave has a
"cave" in it)

Polygons
INTERIOR ANGLES
OF A POLYGON

Polygons
Let us find the connection
between the number of sides,
number of diagonals and the
number of triangles of a polygon.

Polygons
 180o
180o 180o 180o

180o
4 sides Quadrilateral
5 sides Pentagon
2 2 x 180o = 360o
3 3 x 180 = 540
o o

1 diagonal
2 diagonals

180o
180 o
180o 180o
180o 180o 180o
180o
180o
6 sides Hexagon
7 sides Heptagon/Septagon
4 4 x 180o = 720o
5 5 x 180o = 900o
3 diagonals
Polygons 4 diagonals
 Regular No. of No. of No. of Sum of the Each
Polygon sides diagonals interior interior
angles angle
Triangle
0 0
3 0 1 180 180 /3
0
= 60

Polygons
 Regular No. of No. of No. of Sum of the Each
Polygon sides diagonals interior interior
angles angle
Triangle
0 0
3 0 1 180 180 /3
0
= 60
Quadrilateral
0 0
4 1 2 2 x180 360 /4
0 0
= 360 = 90

Polygons
 Regular No. of No. of No. of Sum of the Each
Polygon sides diagonals interior interior
angles angle
Triangle
0 0
3 0 1 180 180 /3
0
= 60
Quadrilateral
0 0
4 1 2 2 x180 360 /4
0 0
= 360 = 90

Pentagon
0 0
5 2 3 3 x180 540 /5
0 0
= 540 = 108

Polygons
 Regular No. of No. of No. of Sum of the Each
Polygon sides diagonals interior interior
angles angle
Triangle
0 0
3 0 1 180 180 /3
0
= 60
Quadrilateral
0 0
4 1 2 2 x180 360 /4
0 0
= 360 = 90

Pentagon
0 0
5 2 3 3 x180 540 /5
0 0
= 540 = 108

Hexagon
0 0
6 3 4 4 x180 720 /6
0 0
= 720 = 120

Polygons
 Regular No. of No. of No. of Sum of the Each
Polygon sides diagonals interior interior
angles angle
Triangle
0 0
3 0 1 180 180 /3
0
= 60
Quadrilateral
0 0
4 1 2 2 x180 360 /4
0 0
= 360 = 90

Pentagon
0 0
5 2 3 3 x180 540 /5
0 0
= 540 = 108

Hexagon
0 0
6 3 4 4 x180 720 /6
0 0
= 720 = 120

Heptagon
0 0
7 4 5 5 x180 900 /7
0 0
= 900 = 128.3

Polygons
 Regular No. of No. of No. of Sum of the Each
Polygon sides diagonals interior interior
angles angle
Triangle
0 0
3 0 1 180 180 /3
0
= 60
Quadrilateral
0 0
4 1 2 2 x180 360 /4
0 0
= 360 = 90

Pentagon
0 0
5 2 3 3 x180 540 /5
0 0
= 540 = 108
Hexagon
0 0
6 3 4 4 x180 720 /6
0 0
= 720 = 120

Heptagon
0 0
7 4 5 5 x180 900 /7
0 0
= 900 = 128.3
“n” sided n Association Association Association Association
with no. of with no. of with no. of with sum of
polygon sides sides triangles interior
Polygons angles
 Regular No. of No. of No. of Sum of the Each
Polygon sides diagonals interior interior
angles angle
Triangle
0 0
3 0 1 180 180 /3
0
= 60
Quadrilateral
0 0
4 1 2 2 x180 360 /4
0 0
= 360 = 90

Pentagon
0 0
5 2 3 3 x180 540 /5
0 0
= 540 = 108

Hexagon
0 0
6 3 4 4 x180 720 /6
0 0
= 720 = 120

Heptagon
0 0
7 4 5 5 x180 900 /7
0 0
= 900 = 128.3
“n” sided n n-3 n-2 (n - 2) (n - 2)
polygon
0 0
x180 x180 / n
Polygons
Calculate the Sum of Interior Angles 1
and each interior angle of each of 7 sides
these regular polygons.

Septagon/Heptagon
Sum of Int. Angles 900o
Interior Angle 128.6o

2 3 4
9 sides 10 sides 11 sides

Nonagon Decagon Hendecagon

o
Sum 1260 Sum 1440o Sum 1620o
o o o
I.A. 140 I.A. 144 I.A. 147.3
Polygons
 Diagrams not
drawn
Find the unknown angles below. accurately.

x
100 o

w 75o 95o

115o
70o 75 o
110o
2 x 180o = 360o 3 x 180o = 540o
360 – 245 = 115o 540 – 395 = 145o

125o 125o
140o 100o z
138o
121o 105o
138o
117o y
133o 137o
4 x 180o = 720o 5 x 180o = 900o
720 – 603 = 117o 900 – 776 = 124o
Polygons
EXTERIOR ANGLES
OF A POLYGON

Polygons
An exterior angle of a regular polygon is
formed by extending one side of the polygon.
Angle CDY is an exterior angle to angle CDE
A B

F C

2 1

E D Y

Exterior Angle + Interior Angle of a regular polygon =180

0

Polygons
 1200
600

600 600 1200

1200

Polygons
 1200

1200

1200

Polygons
 1200

1200
1200

Polygons
 3600

Polygons
 600

600

600

600

600

600

Polygons
 600

600

600

600

600

600

Polygons
 3
4

600
600

600
2
600

5
600
600

Polygons
 3
4

600 600

600 2
600

5 600
600

Polygons
 3
4

2
3600
5

1
6

Polygons
 900
900

900

900

Polygons
 900
900

900

900

Polygons
 900
900

900

900

Polygons
 3 2

3600

4 1

Polygons
No matter what type of
polygon we have, the sum of
the exterior angles is
ALWAYS equal to 360º.
  Sum of exterior angles = 360º

Polygons
 In a regular polygon with ‘n’ sides

Sum of interior angles = (n -2) x 180

0

i.e. 2(n – 2) x right angles

Exterior Angle + Interior Angle =180

0

Each exterior angle = 360 /n

0

No. of sides = 360 /exterior angle

0

Polygons
Let us explore few more problems
• Find the measure of each interior angle of a polygon
with 9 sides.
• Ans : 140
0

• Find the measure of each exterior angle of a regular

decagon.
• Ans : 36
0

• How many sides are there in a regular polygon if

each interior angle measures 165 ?
0

• Ans : 24 sides
• Is it possible to have a regular polygon with an
exterior angle equal to 40 ?
0

• Ans : Yes

Polygons
Polygons DG
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