1.

SECONDARY AND PRIMARY DATA

PROCESSING
• Analog file to Shapefile
• Raster to Vector file
• Satellite Image
(Downloading/Calibration/
Processing)
Topic 1.a. Conversion of Analog and
Scanned file to Digital Shapefile format

Analog Shape file

Scanning Rectification Digitization
Maps format

ENVI POINT

ARCMAP LINE

POLYGON

Digital scanned Shape file

Rectification Digitization
Maps format

ENVI POINT

ARCMAP LINE

POLYGON
Step 1 To browse for the scanned file ( .jpg / .tiff)

Click on the Add Data Button to browse for the

Scanned file of the Analog data in .TIFF/JPEG file

The scanned digital file for the map analog will

Step 2
appear on the view screen.

Zoom one
portion of the
map were
both Lat and
Long are
existing
Step 3 From the Georeferencing Menu, click Add Control Point

Step 4 After clicking the Add Control Point, select the tick mark
where your LAT, LONG intersects, then right click

If the DMS of Long and Lat is not active, convert your Lat
Long into x and y value (UTM) using GEOCalculator

Input X and Y will pop out

Step 3 Duplicate this to the rest of the 3 points and or tick marks

Make sure
that
distribution of
points are
equally
distributed
and at least a
minimum of 4
points.
Using the Geographic Calculator

Define the Group, System and Datum; then click “OK”, then
proceed to the other Coordinate Point Definition.

Again, define the Group, System and Datum; then click “OK”.
 Then input
values for the
Latitude and
Longitude

Then click Convert

Then
converted
values for the
Latitude and
Longitude will
appear
Topic 1.b. Conversion of Raster Data file to
Vector file (Shapefile format)

RASTER
DATA Image files (.tiff)
FILE

VECTOR
DATA POINT
FILE

POLYLINE

POLYGON
Step 1 Look for the IFSAR Data, then select file DTM.img

Step 2 Then the IFSAR data will appear to the View Frame.
Step 3 Look for the IFSAR Data, then select file DTM.img

Step 4 Then the IFSAR data will appear to the View Frame.
I. Generating Slope profile using IFSAR

Select the
ArcToolbox
Button
Step 5 Proceed to the Spatial Analyst Tools

Select the (plus box) to

scroll down selection
from Spatial Analyst
Tools

Step 6 From the Spatial Analyst Tool, select the Surface

Select the (plus box) to

scroll down selection
from Surface
Step 7 From the Surface, select Slope

Then double click the

Slope tool

Step 8 After clicking the Slope toolbox, a slope prompt will appear
Step 9 Select Input Raster, then Select DTM.img file

Step 10 After selecting Input Raster, Select Output raster

Default Saving folder

Then Click OK
Step 11 This is the output raster result of the slope

Step 12 Setting the classes for Slope_img2

Right Click
then Select
Properties
Step 13 Setting Values of Classes

Select
Symbology

Set Classes to
5, then click
Classify

Click OK

Step 14 Reclassifying the Raster Output

Select the
ArcToolbox
Button
Step 15 Proceed to the Spatial Analyst Tools

Select the (plus box)

to scroll down
selection from Spatial
Analyst Tools

Step 16 From the Spatial Analyst Tool, Select the Reclass tool

Select the (plus box)

to scroll down
selection from
Reclass
Step 17 Proceed to the Spatial Analyst Tools

Then double click the

Reclassify tool

Step 18 After clicking the Reclassify toolbox, a Reclassify prompt will

appear
Step 19 Then Input Raster

Step 20 After clicking the Reclassify toolbox, a Reclassify prompt will

appear

From the Input raster

select the slope_img2
Step 21 Old Values and New Values for Reclassify will appear

Then Click OK

Step 22 Convert reclassified Raster Data to Vector Data (shapefile)

Proceed to ArcToolbox,
then from Conversion
tools, then from Raster,
then Select Raster to
Polygon
Step 23 Raster to Polygon prompt will appear

Double Click

Step 24 Convert reclassified Raster Data to Vector Data (shapefile)

Select Reclass_Slop5

Just leave it in
default saving

Then Click OK
Step 25 Exporting Data

Right Click Raster File

Then Select Data

Then Select Export

Data

Step 26 After Exporting Data

A prompt
will appear

Then Select
Yes
Step 27 Setting attribute from the Table

Right Click
Vector File

Select Open
Attribute
Table

Delete
unnecessary
attributes

Step 28 Adding attribute entry

Scroll down
Table Options

Then Select
Add Field
Step 29

Type Slope for

the Name

For the Type

Select Text

Then Click OK

Step 30

Column for
Slope will
appear to the
Table
Step 31 Selecting by Attributes

Go to Table
Options

Then to “Select
by Attributes”

Step 32 A Select Attribute prompt will appear

Step 33 Selecting by Attributes

Double Click “gridcode”

Then Select “equal” sign”

Then Choose “1” (gridcode)

Then a formula will appear

in this box

Then
Choose
“Apply”
Step 34 Attribute Selected

Now you can see

that all gridcode
under 1 is now
highlighted
Step 35 Setting values for “Slope”

Right Click
column for
Slope

Then Select
“Field
Calculator”

Step 36

This prompt box will

appear after clicking the
“Field Calculator”.

Then encode this “Script”

which corresponds to the
values of gridcode “1”.

Then Click “OK”

Step 37 Attributes inputted

After inputting the script

you could now see that
values for Slope under
gridcode “1” is already
inputted.

Note: For the gridcodes 2, 3, 4, and 5 that corresponds 8%-18%,

18%-30%, 30%-50% and Above 50% attributes for Slope please
repeat Steps 31 to 37, in order to complete the corresponding
attributes for the Slope.
Topic 1.c. Satellite Image (Downloading,
Radiometric Calibration and Processing)

Satellite
Images

Downloading
(USGS) LANDSAT8
Extraction of
LANDSAT
data

Atmospheric
Correction

Image Processing
(NDVI)

Re-projection and
conversion to vector file

Shape file format

Topic 1.c.1 SATELLITE IMAGE Downloading

Step 1
http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov
Download Level 1.0 Landsat 8 Image from Earthexplorer portal
(http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov) or Glovis (http://glovis.usgs.gov).
Note: One (1) Landsat scene approximately 1Gigabyte, make sure to have
enough space in your PC for storage and processing.
 Register and login to download data from the website (0)

0
Step 2
 In the SEARCH CRITERIA tab; (1) click in the map the area of interest
(the coordinates will automatically enter )
 (2) specify the required dates for your data sets

1
2

Step 3
 In the DATA SETS tab; (3) expand the LANDSAT ARCHIVE
 (4) check L8 OLI/TIRS

3 4
Step 4

 In the ADDITIONAL CRITERIA tab; (5) click less than 10% or

20% cloud cover whichever you preferred
 You may add additional criteria if you want

5
Step 5

 Finally in the RESULT tab; you can see the (6) imagery in data
range you specified, you can examine it by (7) clicking the
browse overlay and (8) click the download option if you are
interested to download the image you want in (9) Level 1 Geotiff
Data Product

6
7

8
Step 6 Extracting LANDSAT 8 image

1. Extract .tar data. After extracting, the files will contain all the
bands highlighted below. The MTL or .text file will be used in
calibrating Landsat 8 in ENVI 5.2.

LC81160482013179LGN01_MTL
Topic 1.c.2 Atmospheric Correction

Step 1

1. Radiometric calibration tools in ENVI are used to apply

calibration factors, to correct for atmospheric effects, and to
perform other various corrections to image data.
2. Open ENVI 5.2.
3. Open the MTL file:
File>Open As>Landsat>GeoTIFF with Metadata
Step 2

4. Examine Image data values: Click cursor value>point around the

image
5. The data is in DN value (16 bit)

Cursor Value Icon

Step 3

6. From the Toolbox, select Radiometric Correction >

Radiometric Calibration.
7. Select the multispectral bands in the Select Input File dialog and
you can perform optional spatial subsetting.
8. Click OK. The Radiometric Calibration dialog appears.
 Step 4

9. From the Calibration Type drop-down list, select Reflectance and

leave the other in default values.
Reflectance: Top-of-atmosphere reflectance (ToA). This option is
available if the image has gains, offsets, solar irradiance, sun
elevation, and acquisition time defined in the metadata.
10. Click File Select and go to your Directory Folder and type the File
Name>OK.
Step 5

11. Examine the calibrated TOA Reflectance resulting image. Click

Cursor Value and check data value.
12. TOA reflectance is the reflectance measured by a space-based
sensor flying higher than the earth's atmosphere. These
reflectance values will include contributions from clouds and
atmospheric aerosols and gases.
Step 6
Surface Reflectance - is the reflectance of the surface of the Earth.
Clouds and other atmospheric components do not affect surface
reflectance spectra.
Dark Subtraction is used to apply atmospheric scattering
corrections to the image data.

13. From the Toolbox, select Radiometric Correction > Dark

Subtraction. The Dark Subtract Input File dialog appears.
14. Select *TOA-ref file and then click OK.
15. The Dark Subtract Parameters dialog appears. Click Band
Minimum in the Subtraction Method. Select output to File.
Click OK.
Double Click Dark
Subtraction

Select file
_TOA.dat

Click OK

Select where to file the data

Step 7

16. Examine the calibrated TOA Reflectance resulting image. Click

Cursor Value and check data value.
Topic 1.c.3 Processing of Normalized Difference
Vegetation Index (NDVI)

Step 1 Open the ENVI Classic and search for the file that needs
to be processed

Select the file

DOS.dat

Then Click
Open

Note: Open the data that was processed for the Dark
Subtraction which has an extension file of DOS.dat.
Step 2 Viewing LANDSAT 8 OLI from ENVI
Step 3 Resizing the LANDSAT image using vector file from
ARCMAP

Double Click
Project
Step 4 Convert projection of the vector file into WGS84

Select file for clipping

Select where to file

Then click Ok

Select WGS 84 Then click Ok

Step 5 Opening and putting Vector File to ENVI Software
Step 6 Loading Vector file to the display
Step 7 Subseting of ROIs to the Vector File

Choose where to file

Then Click Ok
Step 8 Result of the Subset of LANDSAT Image
Step 9 BAND MATH for the LANDSAT 8OLI

Click Basic Tools

Select Band Math

Step 10 BAND MATH entering of expressions

Type in this expression

(B5 – B4) / (B5 + B4)

Then Click “Add to list”

Right after Clicking “Add

to list” the expressions
will appear in the
Previous Band Math Expression will
Expressions Box then be added

Then Click Ok
Step 11 BAND MATH variable pairing

Select from available

Bands List, then choose

Select from available

Bands List, then choose

Then Click OK

From the Expressions B4 stands for Band No. 4 which

corresponds the “Red Bands”, and on the other hand B5
stands for Band No. 5 which corresponds for the “Near
Infrared Bands” that is provided from the LANDSAT 8 OLI.
Step 12 Saving file from the BAND MATH expressions

Then choose where to

file your processed data

Then Click Ok

Note: if this Band Math

prompt box appears,
wait until it is finished
processing to avoid
hanging of the program.
Step 13 Viewing the BAND MATH processed data from NDVI

Select the BAND MATH

processed data in order to
view the result of the data.
Step 14 Result of the processed data from BAND MATH
Expressions using NDVI
Step 15 Computation of Statistics of NDVI

Select Basic Tools, then go to Statistics.

From Statistics, select

Compute Statistics
Step 16 Computation of Statistics as Input file
Select the file to be computed

Put check mark (just

click on the box)

Then click OK

Put check mark (just

Note: Every Output file
click on the box)
would require you on
where to file your
processed data.
Put check mark (just
click on the box)

Then Click Ok
Step 17 Results of the Computed Statistics using the BAND MATH

This statistic result

depicting healthy
vegetation in the
area.

This statistic result

depicting
unhealthy
vegetation or
connotes any
disturbances such
as road, built up
areas and others
alike in the area.
Step 18 Density Slice using ENVI
Select Tools

Select the processed data

Click OK

This process will provide and show you the different ranges in
terms of its Statistics for the Density.
Step 19 Designating the Density Slice Range

This is the result of the

ranges of the density slice
which was computed
statistics using the BAND
MATH.
Step 20 Designating the Density Slice Range

This is the result of the

ranges of the density slice
which was computed
statistics using the BAND
MATH.
Step 21 Redefining the Density Slice Default Ranges

Select Options

Select

Select

Set number of
ranges into 5
Then Click Apply
Step 22 Editing, Designating and Color Distribution

Select
and Edit Range

Then apply this to the rest of the

defined density slice range and assign
value of RGB for color designation as
indicated below.

-1 to .20
Density .20 to .30
Slice .30 to .50
Range .50 to .60
.60 to 1.0
Step 23 Density Slice Result and Saving
Select File

From the File select

“Save Image as” and from
there select “Image
File….”
Step 24 Conversion of Raster Data into Vector Data to Shape File

Select File, then from file Select

“Output Ranges to EVFs…..”

Select all

Choose file Name

Then click Ok
Step 25 Exporting Layers into Shapefile

Select File

Select the file which

undergone Density
Slicing

Then you can load the converted

file from Raster to Shapefile using
the ArcMap.

Choose where to file

Then Click OK