21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

Introduction to
Literature
Sir. Cristian Paul Tapungot Madelo
Bachelor of Secondary Education Major
in English
 Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

• Discuss what is literature and differentiate the

importance of Literature;

• Identify the literary standards and genres;

• Write a reflection essay about the lesson that they have

learned.
 Pretest
Direction:

KNOWLEDGE CHECK: Pick the letter of

your answer from the given choice.
 PRETEST

1. ) Art of Self-
expression A. Universality

B. Prose

C. Drama

D. Literature
 PRETEST
2.) Literature appeals to
everyone, regardless of culture,
race, sex, and time which are all A. Universality
considered significant
B. Prose

C. Drama

D. Literature
 PRETEST
3. Literature elevates the spirit and the
soul and thus has the power to motivate
and to inspire.
A. Universality

B. Spiritual Value

C. Drama

D. Literature
 PRETEST
4.) Fiction (short story,
novel) and Non-Fiction
A. Universality

B. Prose

C. Drama

D. Literature
 PRETEST
theatrical dialogue that is
performed on stage
A. Universality

B. Prose

C. Drama

D. Literature
 What is Literature?

-Art of Self-expression
-Language or people, culture
and tradition, and passion and
dignified thoughts
-Experience of a man
 What is Literature?
Literature is a criticism of life because
connection with it provides an objective
base for understanding life.
-Matthew Arnold

Literature consists of writing which interpret

the meanings of nature and life, in words of
charm and power, in artistic forms and of
permanent interest.
-Henry van Dyke
 Importance of Literature

- Molds a man
- Educates and entertain
- Helps understand life of
man
- Expression of thought,
feelings, emotions, and
attitude
 Literary Standards
Universality
-Literature appeals to everyone,
regardless of culture, race, sex, and
time which are all considered
significant
Artistry
-Literature has an aesthetic appeal and
thus possesses a sense of beauty
 Literary Standards

Intellectual Value
-It stimulate critical thinking that
enriches mental processes of
abstract and reasoning, making man
realize the fundamental of truths of
life and its nature.
 Literary Standards

Suggestiveness
- Itunravels man’s emotional power
to define symbolism, nuances,
implied meanings, images and
messages, giving and evoking
visions above and beyond the plane
of ordinary life and experience
 Literary Standards

Spiritual Value
-Literature elevates the spirit and
the soul and thus has the power
to motivate and to inspire.
 Literary Standards

A literary work must be

aesthetically satisfying,
intellectually stimulating and
spiritually uplifting
 Literary Genres

Poetry
- Greek word “poiesis” making of poetry
- evoking emotional responses 
-imaginative and symbolic
-Types: lyric, narrative, dramatic
 Literary Genres

Poetry
- Greek word “poiesis” making of poetry
- evoking emotional responses 
-imaginative and symbolic
-2 types: narrative and lyric
 Literary Genres
Prose
- written text that aligns with the flow of
conversation in sentence
. and paragraph form
-common grammatical structure and a natural
flow of speech
-Subgenres are fiction and non-fiction
-news, biographies and essays to novels, short
stories, plays and fables
 Literary Genres
Prose
- style of writing that is conversational
- Fiction (short story,
. novel) and Non-Fiction
(essay, oration, biography, autobiography,
memoir, letters, epistles)
 Literary Genres
Drama
-theatrical dialogue that is
performed on stage
-two main types of drama are
comedy and tragedy
 Make a Reflection paper about the topic Literature
Wherein you are going to exhibit your understanding on the story
by writing a three-paragraph reflection paper of the following topics:

Do we really need literature in our

lives?

how does literature significant to our

life?
 Thank you for Listening!

Reference:https://www.scribd.com/document/405664329/Lesson-1-Introduction-to-21st-Century-Literature