Biomass and Bioenergy

BIOMASS
 Biomass

Is a plant or animal material used

for energy production, heat production,
or in various industrial processes as raw
material for a range product.
 Examples of Biomass

Wood and wood

Food wastes
processing wastes

Agricultural crops and Animal manure

waste materials
bioenergy
 Bioenergy

Is a renewable energy made

available from materials derived from
biological sources.
GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY
history
BORN: JUNE 03, 1865
PLACE: FLORENCE, ITALY
DIED: DECEMBER 03 1939

THE WORD GEOTHERMAL ORIGINATE FROM THE GREEK ROOTS

(GEO) MEANS EARTH AND (THERMOS) MEANS HOT AND WHEN
COMBINED IT IS ENERGY HARNESSING HEAT FROM INSIDE THE
EARTH.

IN JULY 04, 1904 , ITALIAN SCIENTIST PIERO GINORI CONTI INVENTED

THE FIRST GEOTHERMAL ELECTRIC POWER PLANT IN WHICH
STEAMS WAS USE TO GENERATE POWER AND AT THAT TIME IT WAS
SUCCESFULLY LIT FOUR LIGHT BULBS
HOT SPRING HAVE BEEN USED FOR BATHING ATLEAST SINCE PALEOLITHIC
TIMES, SINCE ANCIENT ROMAN TIMES .
THE OLDEST KNOWN SPA IS STONE POOL ON CHINA’S LISAN MOUNTAIN
BUILT IN THE QIN DYNASTY IN THE 3RD CENTURY BC,
IN THE FIRST CENTURY AD, ROMANS CONQUERED SQUARE SULLIS, NOW
BATH, SOMERSET ENGLAND, AND USE THE HOT SPRINGS THERE TO FEED
PUBLIC BATHS AND UNDERFLOOR HEATING YHE ADMISSION FEES FOR
THESE BATHS PROBABLY REPRESENTS THE FIRST COMMERCIAL USE OF
GEOTHERMAL POWER
TYPES OF GEOTHERMAL PLANTS
DRY STEAM PLANTS, USE FLASH STEAM PLANTS, TAKE HIGH PRESSURE HOT
STEAM DIRECTLY FROM A WATER FROM DEEP INSIDE THE EARTH AND
GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR CONVERT IT TO STEAMTO DRIVE GENERATOR
TO TURN GENERATOR TURBINES, WHEN THE STEAMS COOLS, IT
TURBINES CONDENSES TO WATER AND IS INJECTED BACK
INTO THE GROUND TO BE USED AGAIN.
 ELECTRICITY
THE GLOBAL INSTALLED GEOTHERMAL
POWER GENERATION CAPACITY HAS
REACHED 14,369 MW WITH THE
ADDITIONS OF NEW PLANTS IN
TURKEY AND NEW ZEALAND.
THEREFORE THIS IS THE UPDATED TOP
BINARY CYCLE PLANTS, 10 LIST OF COUNTRIES WITH
TRANSFER THE HEAT FROM GEOTHERMAL PLANTS.
GEOTHERMAL HOT WATER TO
ANOTHER LIQUID TO TURN TO
STEAM , WHICH IS USED TO
DRIVE A GENERATOR TURBINE
HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY
HYDRO-ENERGY
Hydroelectric energy is power
m a d e b y m o v i n g w a t e r. “ H y d r o " i s
t h e G r e e k w o r d f o r w a t e r.
DID YOU KNOW?
L e st e r A l l a n P e l t o n - was an American Inventor who
contributed significantly to the development of hydro-energy
in the American Old West as well as world-wide.
Inside a Hydro Power Plant
HOW IT WORKS?
SIZE HYDROPOWER PLANTS
 Pico-hydro
Power Range: 0kW – 5kW
 Micro-hydro
Power Range: 5kW – 100kW
 Small-hydro
Power Range: 100kW – 1MW
 Medium-hydro
Power Range: 1MW – 1000MW
 L a rg e - h y d r o
Power Range: MORE THAN 1000MW
DID YOU KNOW?

THE THREE GORGES DAM

largest hydroelectric power plant in the world

Yangtze River in China
185 meters (607 feet) tall and 115 meters (377 feet) thick at its base.
26 turbines
 Top 5BIGGEST
o o
HYDR ELECTR I C P WER PLANTS
IN THE PHILIPPINES
PULANGI IV H y d r o e l e c t r i c Plant A N G AT Hydroelectric Plant

5 4
M a r a m a g , Bukidnon Norzagaray, Bulacan
Capacity: 255 MW Capacity: 256 MW
SAN ROQUE H y d r o e l e c t r i c Plant M A G AT H y d r o e l e c t r i c Plant

3 2
San Manuel and R a m o n , Isabela
San Nicolas, Pangasinan Capacity: 360 MW
Capacity: 345 MW
K A L AYA A N Hydroelectric Plant

1
Kalayaan, Laguna
Capacity: 685 MW
SOLAR ENERGY
Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun that is harnessed using a

range of ever-evolving technologies such as 

solar heating solar architecture artificial photosyn

• photovoltaic • molten salt power thesis
• solar thermal energy plants
PHOTOVOLTAIC
• Photovoltaic systems (PV systems) are a renewable energy
technology which transforms the energy from the sun into
electricity usingphotovoltaics. These photovoltaics, also
known as solar panels, provide a reliable green energy
solution.
Advantage and disadvantage
ACTIVE SOLAR TECNIHQUE
• Active solar systems: Active solar power setups rely on external energy
sources – or backup systems, such as radiators and heat pumps — to
capture, store and then convert solar energy into electricity. Depending on
the complexity of the design, it can heat or cool your home or provide power
to an entire neighborhood. Active solar systems include the following
features:
• The collectors are made up of flat-plate PV panels, which are usually
mounted and stationary. In advanced designs, panels are often connected
with each other to form modules.
• The solar collectors use liquid or air as conductors to store and convert
energy. Those that use liquid are known as hydraulic collectors, while those
that contain air are called air collectors.
• Liquid conductors are more common than those that are air-based, as liquid
is generally more efficient at conducting heat, though air-based solar systems
have the benefit of not freezing.
PASSIVE SOLAR TECHNIQUES
• Passive solar systems: Investing in a passive solar system can be a good idea
if you’re looking to fuel a small residence or office building, but it’s still
important to weigh the positives and negatives. Here are some of the
positives:
• It requires no external equipment, so it’s usually cheaper than an active
system.
• It can further reduce costs by bringing your energy expenditures down by
around 14 percent.
• It’s better than an active system for your health, since it doesn’t rely on
radiators or furnaces that dry out your mucous membranes or cause
allergies.
 PASSIVE
TECHNIQUE

ACTIVE
TECHNIQUE
NONRESIDENTIAL SOLAR
COLLECTOR

EVACUATED TUBE COLLECTOR

Is a set of many double walled, glass
Tubes and reflectors to heat the fluid
inside the tubes
NONRESIDENTIAL SOLAR
COLLECTOR
Linear concentrating solar power (CSP) collectors
capture the sun's energy with large mirrors
that reflect and focus the sunlight onto a
linear receiver tube. The receiver contains
a fluid that is heated by the sunlight
and then used to heat a traditional power
cycle that spins a turbine that drives a
generator to produce electricity. Alternatively,
steam can be generated directly in the solar
field, which eliminates the need for costly heat
exchangers.
Solar Electric Generating Systems
• Solar collectors capture and concentrate sunlight to heat a synthetic
oil called therminol, which then heats water to create steam.The
steam is piped to an onsite turbine-generator to produce electricity,
which is then transmitted over power lines. On cloudy days, the plant
has a supplementary natural gas boiler. The plant can burn natural gas
to heat the water, creating steam to generate electricity
Solar Electric Generating Systems
MOJAVE DESERT U.S.A.