PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

F
C ire
hemistry of
OXYGEN
FUEL

HEAT
 Fire has been both a help and a
hindrance to mankind throughout

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

history. Fire has heated our homes,
cooked our food, and helped us to
become technologically advanced. Fire,
in its hostile mode, has also endangered
us for as long as we have used it.
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

COMPONENTS OF FIRE

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

• OXYGEN (Oxidizing Agent)- enough
oxygen to sustain combustion.
• FUEL- some fuel or combustible
material.
• HEAT- enough heat to reach ignition
temperature.
• SELF-SUSTAINED CHEMICAL
REACTION- together, they produce
the chemical reaction that is fire.
 PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION
F
C ire
hemistry of
GEN
OXY
FUEL

HEAT
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

SELF-SUSTAINED CHEMICAL

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

REACTION
Combustion is a complex reaction that
requires a fuel (in the gaseous or vapor
state), an oxidizer, and a heat energy to
come together in a very specific way. Once
flaming combustion or fire occurs, it can
only continue when enough heat energy is
produced to cause the continued
development of fuel vapors or gases.
Scientists call this type of reaction a “chain
reaction”. A chain reaction is a series of
reactions that occur in sequence with the
result of each individual reaction being
added to the rest.
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

FIRE TETRAHEDRON

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

THEORY
Fire is extinguished by limiting or interrupting
one or more of the essential elements in the
combustion process (fire tetrahedron). A fire may
be extinguished by:
a.) Reducing its Temperature
b.) Removal of available Fuel
c.) Exclusion of Oxygen
d.) Inhibition of Self-Sustained Chemical
Chain Reaction.
 FUEL

C
OXY
F
METHODS OF
HEAT
GEN hemistry of ire

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

EXTINGUISHMENT
• For heat- cooling
• For oxygen-
smothering, blanketing,
suffocation
• For fuel- starvation
 FUEL

C
OXY
F
STAGES OF FIRE
DEVELOPMENT
HEAT
GEN hemistry of ire

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

CLASSES OF FIRE AND ITS

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

EXTINGUISHING AGENTS
• Class A- Ordinary combustible
materials
• Example-wood, trash, cloth,
paper, rubber and many
plastics

• Extinguishing agent- Water

 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

• Class B- Flammable
liquids, greases and
gases
• Example- Gasoline,
kerosene ,LPG, thinner ,
paints
• Extinguishing agent- Dry
powder and Foam
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

• Class C- Energized
electrical equipment
• Example- Fuse, overheated
electric appliance, short
circuit ,worn out insulation.
• Extinguishing agent- de-
energized and/or apply non-
conductive extinguisher.
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

• Class D- Combustible metals
• Example- , TNT, C4, titanium,
magnesium, sodium,
potassium, zirconium
• Extinguishing agent- use
special powders based on
sodium chloride or other salts;
also clean dry sand.
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

• Class K- Fires in cooking
appliances that involve
combustible cooking media,
such as
• Example- , vegetable or
animal oils and fats.
• Extinguishing agent- use type
CO2 and Foam Fire
Extinguisher.
 PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION
ire
F
hemistry of
C
GEN
OXY
FUEL

HEAT
 PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION
ire
F
hemistry of
C
GEN
OXY
FUEL

HEAT
 PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION
ire
F
hemistry of
C
GEN
OXY
FUEL

HEAT
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

BY PRODUCT OF FIRE

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

• HEAT
• LIGHT
• SMOKE
• OXYGEN DEFICIENCY
• ASHES AND EMBERS
• CARBON DIOXIDE
• CARBON MONOXIDE
• HYDROGEN CYANIDE
• HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

MODES OF HEAT TRANSFER

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

CONDUCTION- The passage of heat energy
through or within a material because of direct
contact.
CONVECTION- Diffusion of heat by the
movement of air or liquid.
RADIATION- Transmission of heat waves, does
not require contact or the presence of any matter
from a source of heat to a receiving material.
 PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION
ire
F
hemistry of
C
GEN
OXY
FUEL

HEAT
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

QUESTIONS?

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION
 PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION
ire
F
hemistry of
C
GEN
OXY
FUEL

HEAT
 PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION
ire
F
hemistry of
C
GEN
OXY
FUEL

HEAT
FO3 Rud Mark F Anticano
Fire Arson Investigator

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION